牦牛遗传标记的研究  

A study on genetic diversity of chromosome and blood protein in the yak

作　　者：钟金城[1] 欧江涛[1] 陈智华[1] 字向东[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族学院生命科学与技术学院,成都610041

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2003年第2期179-182,共4页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

摘　　要：本研究结果表明,四川、西藏的牦牛在染色体和血液蛋白2种遗传标记上具有较为丰富的遗传多样性;而在所研究的DNA分子标记中多样性相对较贫乏.这些遗传标记的这些差异是牦牛能够适应复杂多样的高原气候环境条件的物质基础,也为研究牦牛的起源、演化和分类,以及开展标记辅助选择提供了理论依据.同时,说明牦牛虽然是家养动物中地理分布范围极其有限的家畜,但由于其产区的自然生态环境和社会生态环境条件的不同,在长期人工选择和自然选择的作用下,遗传结构已发生了较大的变异,形成了不同的生态类型或地方品种.Our research results show that there are many genetic diversities of chromosome and blood protein characteristics in Sichuan and Tibet yaks. These genetic diversities are the material base for yaks to adapt itself to the complicated and changeable plateau climate, helpful not only for knowing the yak's origin, evolution and classification, but also for providing theoretical basis for protection and utilization of the yak resources. Furthermore, the results explain that although yak is scattered in an unusually limited area, variation on its genetic structure has happened, forming some ecological types or breeds under the comprehensive factors such as the unique natural and social ecological environments, and the natural and artificial selections.

关 键 词：牦牛 遗传多样性 形态遗传标记 细胞遗传标记 生化遗传标记 分子遗传标记 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学] Q78[农业科学—畜牧兽医]