高压脉冲水中放电钨铜电极烧蚀特性实验研究  

Surface Ablationof W-Cu Alloy Electrodes by Discharge Arc of High Pulsed Voltage in Water: An Experimental Study

作　　者：罗启平[1] Luo Qiping(Department of Electrical Engineering,Guangxi Technological College of Machinery and Electricity,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西机电职业技术学院电气工程系,南宁530007

出　　处：《真空科学与技术学报》2019年第9期819-823,共5页Chinese Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology

基　　金：广西高校中青年教师基础能力提升项目:大脉冲电流下钨铜电极水中放电烧蚀特性研究(KY2016YB647)

摘　　要：为了分析高压脉冲水中放电钨铜电极的烧蚀速率和烧蚀机理,设计了实验回路及方法,对钨铜电极的烧蚀特性进行了研究。放电后取水样分析测定水中金属离子的浓度,以此获得钨铜电极总烧蚀率的范围;采用精密天平测量放电后电极的质量损失,得到水中放电钨铜电极的阴极烧蚀率、阳极烧蚀率、平均烧蚀率和总烧蚀率。结果表明,两种方法都能成功获得电极烧蚀率,但测量电极质量损失的方法较准确。水中高温电弧引起的复杂的物理和电化学反应是导致水中电极烧蚀的重要原因之一。电极表面宏观形貌分析结果表明,脉冲放电电弧在水中受到挤压难以扩散,电弧与电极的表面接触时的电流密度和持续时间在水中更为严重,在电极表面留下弧斑,引起了电极表面局部的较高温升。We experimentally addressed the surface ablation of W-Cu alloy(W70)electrodes by discharge arc of high voltage pulse in water.The weight-loss of W-Cu electrode and/or concentrations of metal ions in water were measured,respectively,to understand the ablation mechanism(s).The preliminary results show that the high temperature physical and electrochemical reactions,occurring at the water/electrode interface,all had a major impact.For example,the ablation-rate in water was faster than that in air because of the electrochemical corrosion of WO■,Cu2+,OH1-,O3 and H2O2 formed in electrolytic reactions.Randomly distributed arc-spots and dominance of Cu/CuO on the surfaces revealed that the arc-induced rapid segregation/melting/evaporation/oxidation of Cu accounted for the ablation mechanisms.The ablation-rate of anode was higher than that of cathode,the former changed in a rapid-steady increase mode and the latter increased steadily.

关 键 词：高压脉冲 电极烧蚀 烧蚀率 转移电荷 化学反应 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]