基于物联网技术的生猪存亡远程监测系统设计与验证  

Designing and Validation of the Remote Monitoring System for Pigs' Survival Based on Io T Technology

作　　者：陈桂鹏[1,2] 秦文婧[3] 丁建[2] 万明春[4] 郭雷风[1] 王文生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]江西省农业科学院农业经济与信息研究所,南昌330200 [3]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,南昌330200 [4]江西省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,南昌330200

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2017年第5期942-950,共9页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303107);江西省科技支撑项目(20141BBF60058;20144BBF60021);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-201X-AII-04)

摘　　要：【目的】当前政府对生猪的监管停留在标签式耳标的被动监管上,但由于监管滞后经常出现死猪被丢弃的恶性事件发生,为了解决监管部门对生猪存亡状态远程监管难的问题,同时便于养殖企业监测生猪的心率,对异常心率的生猪及时采取有效措施。笔者设计一种集生猪心率采集及生猪存亡判断的远程监测系统。【方法】系统采用无线传感网的数据传输架构模式,由智能耳标、路由节点、网关、远程服务器、猪场监测中心、政府监管部门监测中心组成。智能耳标采集数据通过无线Zig Bee网络经路由节点,由网关中的GPRS模块将数据经由Internet转发至远程服务器中,软件系统自动对数据异常生猪报警。参考人用穿戴式心率监测的设计,采用光电心率测量法,使用LED及光感应器,结合滤波电路、放大电路设计了心率传感器。同时为确定LED的发光波长及光感应器的感应波长,通过采集不同体重杜长大猪耳处血液样本,运用郎伯比尔定律,利用分光光度计研究生猪血液中(Hb O2)与脱氧血红蛋白(Hb)对光谱吸光度规律,从光电心率测量法的原理出发,分析心率传感器在运动状态下测量不精确的原因。此外结合生猪的睡眠习性利用姿态传感器MPU6050中的DMP(Digital Motion Processor)获取稳定的姿态数据,并识别心率传感器采集的不准确的数据。最后采用具有Zig Bee协议的CC2530通过自带的ADC转换器、I/O模拟IIC通信协议实现心率传感器、MPU6050的数据读取,并通过Zig Bee网络进行数据传输,用其PM2(睡眠)模式降低功耗,制成集心率与姿态的监测为一体的耳标佩戴在猪耳上。【结果】研究表明从Hb O2与Hb对光谱吸光度规律观测,同时考虑到电子元件的成本、通用率,对生猪生活影响等因素,560 nm光用于生猪光电式心率测量效果明显。生猪心率传感器采用该波长光对生猪心率测量与传统人工测量方法�【Objective】 At present, currently the government's supervision of pigs still remains in the passive supervision of label type ear, but due to the leg of supervision, the malignant event that died pigs were discarded often occurs. In order to solve the difficult problems of the remote supervision of the state of survival of pigs for regulatory authorities and facilitate the breeding enterprises to monitor the pig heart rate so that the pigs with abnormal heart rate can be treated timely by using intervention measures. A set of remote monitoring system which can collect the data of pig heart rate and judge the pig's state of life or death was designed in this paper. 【Method】 The system uses the wireless sensor network architecture which consists of smart tag, routing nodes, gateway, remote server, monitoring center for pig farms and monitoring center for regulators. The data from smart tag is transferred with Wireless Zig Bee network via routing node, and the GPRS module in the gateway will transfer the data through the Internet to a remote server. Once an exception in data occurs, software system will alarm automatically. Taking the program of wearable heart rate monitoring for reference, the paper uses photoelectric heart rate measuring method which uses LED and optical sensors, and combines with filter circuit and amplifier circuit to design the heart rate sensor. In order to know the wavelength of LED and the inducted wavelengths of light sensors, the research collects blood samples at different weight of Du pig ears, and uses the Ron Bo Bill's law to research the spectral absorbance rule of the Hb O2 in the blood of pigs and the hemoglobin in order to design the sensor of heart rate and analyze the reason why the heart rate sensor is not accurate in the motion state. The research also combines with the pigs' sleeping habits to use DMP(Digital Motion Processor) of the attitude sensor MPU6050 to get the stable posture data and identify the inaccurate data. Finally, the research uses CC2530 carried with Z

关 键 词：生猪心率 姿态 生猪习性 CC2530 智能耳标 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学] S818.9[农业科学—畜牧兽医]