根瘤菌-豆科植物共生多样性与地理环境的关系  

The Relationship Between the Symbiotic Promiscuity of Rhizobia and Legumes and Their Geographical Environments

作　　者：陈文新[1] 汪恩涛[1] 陈文峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农业微生物资源及其应用重点开放实验室/中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2004年第1期81-86,共6页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目 ( 2 0 0 1CB10 890 5 );国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 3 0 2 70 0 0 1)

摘　　要：根瘤菌与豆科植物形成的根瘤或茎瘤固氮共生体系在农、林、牧业的可持续发展中具有重要作用。 10 0多年前 ,在根瘤菌研究的起始阶段 ,人们提出的“宿主专一性”及“互接种族”2个概念一直流传至今。 2 0世纪 4 0年代 ,有学者根据实验室内豆科植物的交叉结瘤结果否定过“互接种族”的观念 ,70～ 80年代又发现某些根瘤菌在实验室条件下有广谱共生现象。但根瘤菌与豆科植物共生体与地理环境的关系却很少被涉及过。本文在对大量根瘤菌进行分类研究的基础上 ,结合宿主植物及其区域地理环境的综合分析 ,揭示出根瘤菌与豆科植物的共生关系因其所处的区域地理环境不同而具多样性 ,并指出豆科植物根瘤菌接种剂的筛选和应用必须考虑菌株对当地环境的适应能力。The symbiosis between rhizobia and legumes is important to the sustaining farming, forest and animal husbandry. Two concepts 'host specificity' and 'cross-inoculation groups' were emphasized for more than 100 years when studying the symbiosis. In 1940s 'cross-inoculation groups' was negated by laboratorial cross-inoculation experiment with a lot of leguminous plants, and in 1970s and 1980s, some broad host-range rhizobia were also found in the lab. Recently based on the taxonomy of a number of rhizobia, we discovered the symbiotic promiscuity of rhizobia and legumes with the difference of regional geographical environments. So, we emphasize that it must be considered the adaptation of the strains as screening rhizobia.

关 键 词：根瘤菌 豆科植物 共生多样性 地理环境 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]