番茄早疫病生防细菌B731的分离、鉴定及抑菌防病作用  

Isolation and Identification of Biocontrol Bacteria B731 and Its Control Effect on Tomato Early Blight

作　　者：陈羽[1] 张顺琦[1] 陈夕军[1] 魏利辉[2] 张青[1,3] 张孝然[1] 黄奔立[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院,扬州225009 [2]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,南京210014 [3]苏州市农业科学院,苏州215155

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第3期361-368,共8页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201403032);江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(12)3019)

摘　　要：利用对峙培养法,从分离自番茄根部土壤的细菌中筛选得1株对番茄早疫病菌具强拮抗活性的菌株B731。根据形态特征、生理生化反应及16S r DNA序列分析将其鉴定为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis。该菌在初始p H 7.0的NB培养液、装液量25 m L(250 m L锥形瓶)、28℃、120 r/min培养24~48 h抑菌能力最大,抑菌带宽达1.24 cm,且其在番茄植株及根际土壤中有很强的定殖能力。接种15 d后,在番茄植株叶片或果实表面,其定殖量可保持在2×102 cfu/cm2以上;而在番茄根际土壤中,其定殖量可达104 cfu/g。菌株B731的代谢产物能有效抑制番茄早疫病菌分生孢子的萌发和菌丝生长,抑制率分别高达89.72%和82.62%。喷施于叶面,具有很好的防病效果,预防处理防效可高达81.83%。We isolated the bacterial strain B731, which is antagonistic against Alternaria solani causing tomato early blight, from the tomato rhizosphere soil with dual-culture method. The strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis according to its morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics. The optimal conditions for B731 to produce antifungal substance were incubation of 40 m L of NB medium with initial p H 7.0 in a 250 m L flask at 28 ℃ with shaking at 120 r/min for 24—48 h. Under such conditions, B731 showed strong colonization ability both on the surface and in the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants. At 15 d after inoculation, the number of colonies was more than 2×102 cfu/cm2 on the surface of tomato leaves or fruits, or 104 cfu/g in the rizhosphere soil of tomato plants. The inhibition rates by the metabolites of B731 to spore germination and mycelial growth of A. solani were 89.72% and 82.62%, respectively. When the liquid culture was sprayed on the tomato leaves, the severity of tomato early blight was reduced by up to 81.83%.

关 键 词：生防细菌 分离 鉴定 抑菌防病作用 番茄早疫病 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S436.412.14[农业科学—植物保护]