燃料电池在中国的发展及其在电动车辆上的应用  

Development of fuel cells and application in electric vehicles in China

作　　者：郭航[1,2] 马重芳[1,2] 汪茂海[2] 贾杰林[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学能源与动力工程学院,陕西西安710049 [2]北京工业大学杰林环境与能源工程学院,北京100022

出　　处：《中国公路学报》2004年第1期106-109,共4页China Journal of Highway and Transport

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50236010);国家自然科学基金海外合作项目(50028605)

摘　　要：综述了燃料电池在中国的发展现状。指出可以用于电动车辆动力源的燃料电池种类,包括碱性燃料电池、磷酸燃料电池、固体氧化物燃料电池和质子交换膜燃料电池,中国近年来燃料电池发动机的研发则主要集中在质子交换膜燃料电池上。质子交换膜燃料电池在汽车上的规模应用有助于降低燃料消耗,减少大气污染。燃料电池技术应用于电动车辆的过程中还需要解决一系列问题,这些问题涉及燃料的制备、储存和分配以及燃料电池发动机的小型化、燃料电池汽车整车的重新设计、成本的降低等。笔者对这些问题进行了初步的分析。The state of the art of fuel cells in China is overviewed in this paper. Although, there are kinds of fuel cells, which include alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, solid oxide fuel cell and proton exchange membrane fuel cell, to choose as the power source of electric vehicles, the research and development of fuel cell engine in China focused on the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in recent years. Widely application of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in automobiles will make a contribution to savings on fuel and reduction in the atmospheric pollution. By now, there are a series of issues to be solved in application of the fuel cell to electric vehicles. Those issues include not only production, storage and distribution of the fuel, but also miniaturization of fuel cell engine, redesign of the entire vehicle with fuel cell system, cost reduction and so on. The preliminary analysis of those issues is performed in this paper.

关 键 词：汽车工程 燃料电池 综述 电动车辆 发动机 

分 类 号：U473.4[机械工程—车辆工程]