燕麦孢囊线虫对山东地区小麦产量的影响  

Effect of the cereal cyst nematode,Heterodera avenae,on wheat yield in Shandong Province

作　　者：张杰[1] 李素霞[1] 任玉鹏[1] 刘峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院,农药毒理与应用技术省重点实验室,泰安271018

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2014年第2期242-247,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903040)

摘　　要：为评估燕麦孢囊线虫Heterodera avenae发生对小麦产量损失的影响,采用室内盆栽和田间试验相结合的方法,测定了燕麦孢囊线虫不同初始接种密度下对山东省小麦主栽品种的为害损失。结果表明:盆栽条件下,燕麦孢囊线虫为害小麦,影响小麦农艺性状,每克土壤中初始接种卵量为5~30个时,小麦叶绿素含量、根干重、茎干重、有效分蘖数、穗粒数、千粒重、穗重与未接种线虫处理的小麦相比分别降低了10.89%~34.46%、30.65%~73.95%、13.93%~58.68%、30.48%~53.33%、3.97%~36.93%、-3.73%~1.28%、-0.72%~35.08%;而在田间肥水充足条件下,燕麦孢囊线虫对小麦的各项产量指标无显著影响;繁殖系数与线虫初始密度呈负相关。试验表明,燕麦孢囊线虫发生对小麦产量存在潜在威胁,在制定防治措施时,应充分考虑水肥条件,重视对中低产田的影响。The pot and field trials were conducted to evaluate the impact of Heterodera avenae Wollenweber on wheat yield,and the yield loss of conventional wheat cultivars in Shandong Province under different initial inoculation density of H. avenae was measured. The results indicated that,in pot trials,agronomic traits of wheat were significantly influenced by H. avenae. When the initial inoculation density of eggs per gram of soil ranged from 5 to 30,the chlorophyll contents of wheat leaves,dry weight of roots,dry weight of stems,number of spikes,grain numbers,weight of 1 000 kernels and weight of spikes reduced from 10. 89% to 34. 46%,30. 65% to 73. 95%,13. 93% to 58. 68%,30. 48% to 53. 33%,3. 97% to 36. 93%,- 3. 73% to 1. 28% and- 0. 72% to 35. 08%,respectively,compared with the untreated control. However,under ideal field conditions( e. g.,abundant water and fertilizer), no significant impact of H. avenae on production indexes of wheat was found,indicating that the propagation coefficient of H. avenae was negatively correlated with the initial egg density. Overall,the occurrence of H. avenae was a potential threat to wheat production,and when control measures were proposed,water and fertilizer conditions should be seriously considered,with an eye to their effects on the medium-and low-yield fields.

关 键 词：燕麦孢囊线虫 初始密度 产量 

分 类 号：S435.122[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]