钾肥与吲哚-3-乙酸共同作用对小麦-麦长管蚜-短翅蚜小蜂三级营养关系的影响  

Combined effects of potassium and indole-3-acetic acid on tritrophic interactions between common wheat Triticum aestivum( Graminales: Poaceae),English grain aphid Sitobion avenae( Hemiptera: Aphididae)and parasitoid Aphelinus asychis( Hymenoptera: Aphelini

作　　者：邸宁[1] 王斐然[1] 张凯[1] 张博文[1] 刘同先[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,农业部西北黄土高原作物有害生物综合治理重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2014年第6期730-738,共9页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家"973计划(2012CB114105);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20133019);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-25)

摘　　要：为明确钾肥和吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)的相互作用对调控小麦-麦长管蚜-短翅蚜小蜂载体植物系统内3个营养级生长发育的影响,通过外源浇灌含223.5、447和894 mg/L KCl的Hoagland营养液和喷施0、50、150和250 mg/L IAA溶液的组合,研究了其对小麦叶片各生理指标、麦长管蚜体重差及体内代谢酶活力、短翅蚜小蜂体长及体内代谢酶活力的影响。结果表明,不同KCl和IAA组合对3个营养级的影响差异显著。447 mg/L KCl与150 mg/L IAA处理下的小麦叶面积最大,为9.57±0.16 cm2;223.5 mg/L KCl与50、250 mg/L IAA处理组的叶片含水量最高,达89.69%;叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量最高的处理组是447 mg/L KCl与250 mg/L IAA;麦长管蚜体重增长最多及短翅蚜小蜂体长最长的处理组均为447 mg/L KCl与50 mg/L IAA;各处理组对3个营养级酶活水平的影响程度不同。KCl和IAA在多个指标中表现出交互效应,表明选用合适的组合不仅能饲养出优异的适宜繁殖寄生蜂的替代寄主,还可最大限度地培养优秀蜂源。To explore the regulatory effects of the interaction of potassium and indole-3-acetic acid( IAA) on the growth and development of the three trophic levels in a banker plant system involving Triticum aestivum( L.)- Sitobion avenae( F.)- Aphelinus asychis Walker for management of vegetable aphids under protected environments,Hoagland solutions containing three concentrations of KCl,223. 5,447 and 894 mg / L,and four levels of IAA solution,0,50,150 and 250 mg / L were irrigated and sprayed on wheat,respectively. The leaf physiological indices of the treated wheat plants,weight difference and several enzyme activities of the aphid S. avenae,the body length and activity of some enzymes of the parasitoid A. asychis were measured. The results indicated that different combinations of KCl and IAA haddifferent influences on the three trophic levels. The largest leaf area shown in the treatment of 447 mg / L KCl and 150 mg / L IAA was 9. 57 ± 0. 16 cm2. The water content of leaf was 89. 69% in the treatment of447 mg / L KCl and 50,250 mg / L IAA. When the wheat was treated with 447 mg / L KCl,S. avenae had the most weight growth and the weight difference peaked when 447 mg / L KCl was combined with 50 mg / L IAA. The body length of A. asychis was the largest in the treatment of 447 mg / L KCl and 150 mg / L IAA,and the treatment of 447 mg / L KCl and 50 mg / L IAA. Different combinations of KCl and IAA had different influences on the different enzymes in the three trophic levels. Potassic fertilizer and IAA showed interactive effects on several parameters. It indicated that choosing appropriate treatment combinations of KCI and IAA may rear better alternative hosts for the parasitoids,and rear better parasitic wasps in the tritrophic system.

关 键 词：钾肥 吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA) 三级营养关系 解毒酶 

分 类 号：S435.122.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476.3[农业科学—植物保护]