南方红豆杉营养特性的研究  

Study on the nutrition characteristics of chinese yew (Taxus chinensis (Pilger.) Rehd.Var. Mairei)

作　　者：汪智慧[1] 李勇[1] 黄建国[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2004年第1期47-50,共4页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家科技攻关重大专项(2002BA516A17-05);重庆市重点科技攻关项目资助。

摘　　要：红豆杉(Taxus)是国家一级保护植物。以重庆市缙云山国家自然保护区内18、25、100年生南方红豆杉为对象,每月采集东、南、西、北方向的叶片,分析周年养分含量的动态变化。结果表明,除磷之外,氮、钾、钙、镁、硝态氮的季节变化明显;在朝向上,氮、磷、钾含量为南>东≈西≈北,钙、镁、硝态氮在各朝向上无显著差异;随着树龄增长,氮、磷、钾含量增加,钙和硝态氮降低,镁基本不变;养分含量的高低顺序为氮>钾>钙>磷>镁>硝态氮。说明南方红豆杉需要氮、钾、钙较多,结合季节变化,推测在人工栽培过程中,施用氮、钾的最佳时间应是春末夏初。The chinese yew aged 18, 25 and 100 years, respectively, in National Jinyuan Forest Park, Chongqing, were selected to study their nutrition characteristics. The leaves of tree in variable directions were collected each month in a year for nutrients analysis. The results indicate the seasonal variations in the concentrations of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium and nitrate in the leaves, except phosphorus which changed little if any. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium varied in directions (South>East≈West≈North) in contrast to calsium, magnesium and nitrate which had very less direction variations. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the leaves increased with the increacement in the ages of trees, while calsium, magnesium and nitrate were decreased and Mg almost kept same. The concentrations of nutrients followed N > K≥ Ca > P > Mg > NO^-_3-N. It could thus infer that chinese yew need relatively more nitrogen, potassium and calsium compared to other nutrients. Concerning the seasonal variations of nitrogen and potassium, it is better to fertilize chinese yew with nitrogen and potassium in artificial cultivation at the end of spring or at the beginning of summer.

关 键 词：南方红豆杉 营养特性 紫杉醇 生长发育 养分含量 动态变化 

分 类 号：S791[农业科学—林木遗传育种]