抗战时期大后方与沦陷区间的法币流动  

The Flow of Guomindang Currency between Chinese-Controlled and Enemy-Occupied Areas during the Resistance War against Japan

作　　者：齐春风[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史系

出　　处：《近代史研究》2003年第5期137-169,共33页Modern Chinese History Studies

摘　　要：抗战时期 ,在大后方与沦陷区之间存在着大规模的非正常的法币流动现象 ,这主要是由日本的策动引起的 ,另外也与大后方的经济处于弱势有关。在太平洋战争前 ,日本先以向中国大后方走私倾销货物等方式来获得法币 ,然后再到上海法币外汇市场套购法币外汇基金 ;在太平洋战争爆发后 ,先是将从沦陷区收兑的大量法币 ,以高价诱购物资的方式驱逐到大后方 ,待此项法币用尽后 ,又设法换取法币 ,并随时用以抢购大后方物资。日本策动法币流动的根本目的在于促使大后方的金融崩溃。但日本虽在抗战前期套购了大量法币外汇 ,在抗战后期诱购了大批大后方物资 ,它促使大后方金融崩溃的目标并未达到。这是因为 ,抗战时期国民政府得到了世界反法西斯盟国的金融援助和中国人民的支持 ,国民政府的对日物资战也配合了对日货币战。从根本上讲 。During the Resistance War against Japan, Guomindang currency (fabi) flowed informally on a large scale between the Chinese controlled rear area in West China and enemy occupied areas. This phenomenon was mainly instigated by Japan, and wasrelated to the weakness of the rear area economy. Before the Pacific War, Japan acquired fabi by smuggling and dumping goods in the Chinese rear area, and then illegally purchasing fabi foreign exchange funds on the Shanghai fabi foreign exchange market. After the breakout of the Pacific War, the Japanese first took the fabi they had acquired in the occupied territories and drove it into the Guomindang controlled rear area by offering seductively high prices for material resources. After this quantity of fabi was used up, they tried to acquire fabi by other means and use it to buy away the rear area's material resources. Japan's aim in instigating the flow of fabi was to promote the financial collapse of rear area. However, although Japan illegally purchased a large sum of fabi foreign exchange before the War and purchased a great deal of materials from the rear area, the goal of promoting the financial collapse of the rear area was not achieved. Why? Because the Guomindang Government got financial assistance from other Allied countries and was supported by the Chinese people, and the Guomindang Government's material war against Japan also complemented its currency war against Japan.

关 键 词：抗日战争时期 沦陷区 法币 日本 金融业 

分 类 号：K265[历史地理—历史学]