试论明清进士前三名遴选中的异常现象  

Tentatively on the Abnormal Phenomena in Selecting the First Three Successful Candidates in Imperial Civil Examination During Ming & Qing Dynasties

作　　者：杨寄林[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院,河北石家庄050091

出　　处：《内蒙古大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2003年第5期61-67,共7页Journal of Inner Mongolia University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：明清对进士前三名———状元、榜眼、探花的遴选与确定,基本上由当朝天子及各科主考官依照凭文而取、兼及形貌的准则在周而复始地运作,但其他诸多因素也同时掺杂渗透进来,造成了13种异常现象,彼此间呈现出错综复杂的关系,形成了正面功用之发挥低于负面效应之浸渍的态势。凡此正是皇权至上的逻辑产物,政治支配的必然结果,传统思想和世俗观念驱动下的典型表现,不仅折射出明清诸帝执政期间的特定历史状况,映现出两朝各阶段政治局势的主要特点及其国势盛衰变化的总体进程,还带出周期性的嬗变规律来。The power to decide high position of the first three scholars -No 1 Scholar(ZhuangYuan), No 2 Scholar (BangYan)and No 3 Scholar(TanHua) in imperial civil examinations was directly mastered by the current emperor and officials in charge of examinations, The election standard was basically on the principles of significance of Confucian Classics. The appearance was another factor to be thought. These principles were used again and again. With the interference and infiltration of other complicated factors, 13 kinds of abnormal phenomena were generated, which have complicated compound and mutual relationships with each other. The positive function is less than the passive. They are logical and inevitable products drived by the Emperor's supreme power and the political domination.They are also expressions of orthodox thinking and common notion, which are the final outcome of people's qualities who engaged in such action. Such abnormal phenomena reflect the special historical condition in the period of emperors from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, and reflect the main features of political situation of each stage and the whole process of thrive and decline of the two dynasties. They also bring out some periodic laws of change of history.

关 键 词：明清 进士前三名 遴选 13种异常现象 

分 类 号：K203[历史地理—历史学]