新世纪能源之星——燃料电池——希望与挑战  

An energy star in the new century--fuel cells--hope and challenges

作　　者：吴承伟[1] 张伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116024 [2]大连理工大学精细化工国家重点实验室,辽宁大连116012

出　　处：《电源技术》2004年第2期109-115,共7页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(10272028)

摘　　要：介绍了燃料电池的主要种类、工作原理、基本特点、应用领域、研究现状和存在的主要问题等,展望了燃料电池的发展前景和面临的挑战。燃料电池面临的主要挑战是制造成本、寿命、可靠性、比功率及效率等,其中成本是最重要的指标。燃料电池是一门学科交叉很强的应用技术研究, 它涉及到电化学、材料科学、材料加工技术、固体力学、流体力学、密封技术、控制工程、结构优化设计等诸多学科的问题,各个学科人才的相互协调和配合是燃料电池能真正从实验室走向市场的关键问题之一。The main fuel cell types, working principles, basic characteristics, application areas, research status and problems remained were introduced. The development prospects and challenges of fuel cells were discussed. The main challenging problems of fuel cells are manufacturing cost, life, reliability, power density and efficiency, of which the cost is the most important factor. The research and development of fuel cells are related to many scientific areas, such as electro-chemistry, materials science, material manufacturing technology, solid mechanics, fluid mechanics, sealing technology, control engineering, structure optimization and design. A great coordination and cooperation of scientists in different areas is a key step for fuel cells to really go into market from laboratory.

关 键 词：燃料电池 聚合物电解质膜燃料电池 能源 工作原理 熔融碳酸盐燃料电池 碱性燃料电池 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]