现代汉语中无标记转指的认知阐释  

Cognitive Interpretation of Unmarked Transferred-designation in Modern Chinese

作　　者：王海峰[1] 王冬梅 

机构地区：[1]北京大学对外汉语教育学院,100871 [2]不详

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2004年第1期40-47,共8页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

摘　　要：语言中的构词平面和句法平面上存在着自指和转指现象 ,构词平面上的转指不仅可以是有标记的 ,而且也可以无标记。语言中的转指究其实质是转喻在语法上的体现 ,一定的认知模型内以显著的东西转喻不显著的东西是一般规律。在概念上动作和事物的关系是整体和部分的关系 ,整体比部分突出 ,因而一般是谓词性成分体词化 ,特殊情况下才体词性成分谓词化。谓词性成分转指施事受事等受相关度的制约。无标记转指有其制约性。In languages, the phenomena of self-designation and transferred-designation exist both in the word-formation level and in the syntax level. The transferred-designation in the word-formation level may not only be marked but sometimes may be unmarked. The transferred-designation in languages is actually a grammatical reflection of metonymy. In a given cognitive model, it is a common rule for the outstanding (striking) things to metonymies the unoutstanding (unstriking) things. It is believed that, the relationship between actions and things is one that between entirety and part. Consequently predicates can be generally changed to substantives but substantives seldom can be changed to predicates. Predicates’ transferred-designation into agent and recipient is restricted by the degree of relativity. Unmarked transferred-designation has its restrictions.signatio

关 键 词：现代汉语 语法 无标记转指 体词性成分 谓词性成分 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]