黑斑口虾蛄土池育苗与中间培育技术的研究  

Study on Techniques of Breeding in Earthen Ponds and Intermediate Rearing of Oratosquilla kempi

作　　者：王春琳[1] 徐君超 李敦岳 蒋霞敏[1] 江锦坡[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学生命学院海洋与水产系 [2]宁波市宁海县双盘涂水产养殖有限公司,浙江宁波315600 [3]浙江省海盐县农林局,浙江海盐314300

出　　处：《水产科学》2004年第2期22-25,共4页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家农业科技成果转化项目(02EFN213310651);浙江省科技厅项目(102042);宁波市科技局项目(0011024)

摘　　要：通过黑斑口虾蛄土池育苗与中间培育试验,结果表明:亲虾蛄运输成活率平均为75 6%,保湿干运成活率与亲虾蛄本身的活力、起运前的干露时间或是否冰水刺激、运输时气温高低、运输时间、性腺成熟度及运输工具振动程度等有关。在适温范围内,随着水温的升高,胚胎发育时间缩短,本试验条件下(22～30℃),胚胎发育需16d。本试验共育出虾蛄苗586万尾,平均育成率为12 4%,最高育成率为21%;幼体发育速度与水温呈正相关,试验条件下(28～31℃),幼体孵出至虾蛄苗需14～17d;保持合理的幼体密度,维持适当的水色,并培育一定数量的浮游动物是提高育成率的关键。虾蛄苗的平均变态率(中间培育成活率)为40 0%,最高变态率为44 4%;变态率与底质、水色或混浊度、饵料或营养、互相残杀等有密切关系。虾蛄土池育苗优于水泥池,值得提倡。以Ⅲ相伪蚤状幼体后期为出苗标准是合理的。Sea breeding and medium culture of crayfish Oratosquilla kempi were conducted in earthen ponds.Results showed that the broodstock was transported at a survival rate of 75.6% by keeping humidity, which is related to the crayfish health, dry-exposure time or ice-water treatment, transportation temperature, and time, sexual gland maturity and vibration during transportation. In our experiments, it took 16 days for embryo development at water temperature of 22～30 ℃, and 5860000 larvae were obtained with an average survival rate of 12.4%.It needed 14～17 days from hatching to larva depending on water temperature (T=22～30 ℃).It was the key for increase in survival rate to maintain optimal larval density, water color and zooplankton concentration. The anverage metamorphosis rate of 40.0% with the highest 44.4% was affected by mud, water color or turbidity, diet or nutrition, and cannibalism.It was found that sea breeding in earthen ponds was over that in concrete ponds.

关 键 词：黑斑口虾蛄 土池 育苗 中间培育 

分 类 号：S968.2[农业科学—水产养殖]