我国沙漠化研究的若干问题——4.沙漠化的防治战略与途径  

Study on Sandy Desertification in China 4. Strategy and Approach for Combating Sandy Desertification

作　　者：王涛[1] 朱震达[1] 赵哈林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2004年第2期115-123,共9页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家"973"沙漠化项目(TG2000048705)资助

摘　　要：沙漠化是干旱、半干旱及部分半湿润地区由于人地关系不相协调所造成的以风沙活动为主要标志的土地退化。目前我国沙漠化防治仍然面临着"局部治理,整体恶化"的严峻态势。为了使沙漠化防治更加有效,需要我们以自然与人为因素及其相互作用为主线,对沙漠化的成因、发展或逆转过程、沙漠化土地时空分布特征及其变化等关键问题有进一步的认识,进而明确沙漠化防治的战略和途径。根据我们的研究和总结,提出了我国沙漠化防治的战略、指导方针、基本原则和途径。Sandy desertification is defined as a type of land degradation mostly signed by sand-shifting activity due to inharmony man-land correlation in arid, semiarid and semi-humid regions, and it is one of the main desertification types in China. Sandy desertification control in China at present is still faced with an arduous status of !locally reversed but wholly worsened'. For effectively combating land sandy desertification and ulteriorly defining the strategy and approaches of its control it is needed for us to further understand some key problems on desertification causes, development or its reversion process, and the spatial distribution characters as well as the dynamics etc; it is also needed for us to take natural and man-made factors together with their interaction as the masterstroke in research. The author has put forward in the paper that the strategies of combating sandy desertification in China are to harmonize the relation between human activity and natural resource environment of desertified region, and to establish a ecology-social-economy system that can not only control land sandy desertification but also ensure sustainable development in advantageous occasion of northwestern China being developed and in premise of taking the well-to-do society as the constructing goal. The countermeasures include adjusting landuse pattern, practicing mixed farming and giving priority to forestry and animal husbandry; increasing investment and promoting project of returning cultivated farmland to forestry and grassland; effectively mastering the population growth rate so that alleviating the pressure on environment and resources of desertified region; advancing the scientific and effective practice of sandy desertification control depended on science and technology progress; and so on.

关 键 词：土地沙漠化 防治 植被保护 生态治理 退耕还林 农村产业结构调整 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]