FOX-7的合成和反应机理研究  

Study on Synthesis of FOX-7 and Its Reaction Mechanism

作　　者：蔡华强[1] 舒远杰[1] 郁卫飞[1] 李金山[1] 程碧波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,绵阳621900

出　　处：《化学学报》2004年第3期295-301,共7页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院基金 (No .2 0 0 2 0 540 )资助课题

摘　　要：以 2 甲基咪唑为原料合成出 1,1 二氨基 2 ,2 二硝基乙烯 (FOX 7)并进行了结构表征 ,从中间体过滤母液中分离出副产物 2 甲基 4(5 ) 硝基咪唑和仲班酸 .直接合成的 2 甲基 4(5 ) 硝基咪唑和仲班酸 ,最佳收率分别为 67 3 %和 63 3 % .首次提出了一个较为完整而详细的合成FOX 7的反应机理 ,硝基重排成亚硝酸酯是反应的关键步骤 .FOX 7主要是通过 2 甲基咪唑→2 甲基 4(5 ) 二氢 5 咪唑啉酮→ 2 (二硝基亚甲基 ) 5 ,5 二硝基 4 咪唑烷二酮→ 2 (二硝基亚甲基 ) 4,5 咪唑烷二酮→FOX 7步骤形成 .论述了各中间体形成的详细过程并进行了证明 。FOX-7 (1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene) was synthesized by amination of intermediates which were prepared by nitration of 2-methylimidazole and its structure was characterized. 2-Methyl-4(5)-nitroimidazole and parabanic acid were separated from the filtrate of the intermediates. 2-Methyl-4(5)-nitroimidazole and parabanic acid were also synthesized by nitration of 2-methylimidazole under different conditions with the yield being 67.3% and 63.3% respectively. The reaction mechanism of nitration was discussed and proved by theoretical analysis and experimental facts. An important step was rearrangement of nitro group. FOX-7 was formed mainly by the following steps: 2-methylimidazole → 2-methyl-4,5-dihydro-imidazol-5-one→ 2-(dinitromethylene)-5,5-dinitro-4-imidazolidinone→ 2-(dinitromethylene)-4(5)-imidazolidinedione→ FOX-7. The formation of the intermediates was discussed, analyzed and proved. Based on this mechanism the formation and yield of FOX-7 and different intermediates were explained.

关 键 词：FOX-7 合成 反应机理 1 1-二氨基-2 2-二硝基乙烯 2-甲基-4(5)-硝基咪唑 仲班酸 钝感炸药 2一甲基咪唑 2一甲基咪唑 硝化反应 

分 类 号：TQ460[化学工程—制药化工]