破乳剂对油水界面膜作用机理研究  

The Action Mechanism of Demulsifiers at Model O/W Interfacial Film

作　　者：康万利[1] 张红艳[1] 李道山[1] 吴肇亮[2] 李明远[2] 高慧梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院石油工程学院,大庆163318 [2]石油大学化工学院,北京102249

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2004年第2期194-198,共5页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(10172028);黑龙江省教育厅计划项目(10531041)资助~~

摘　　要：研究了破乳剂存在下油膜寿命、油膜薄化速率以及油水界面性质与破乳效果的关系.结果表明,破乳剂使油水界面弹性降低,导致油水界面强度减弱,界面膜寿命变短,界面膜厚度变薄.当膜厚度变薄到一临界值时,膜破裂,导致破乳脱水.同种破乳剂,随着其浓度的增加,界面弹性降低.当浓度超过某一值时,界面弹性值基本不变.不同种破乳剂,界面弹性降低幅度越大,其破乳效果越好.界面弹性值可以很好解释破乳剂的脱水率变化规律.Oil film life,rate of oil film thinni ng,water-oil interfacial properti es and their effects on demulsifica-tion of model petroleum emulsions(O /W)in the presence of demulsifiers are s tudied.The results indicate that th e interfacial elasticity decreased w ith the addition of demulsifiers,re sulting a decrease of both the strength and the thickness of the oil film,and hence l eading to a shorter film life.The fil m will breack down when the film thick-ness reaches to a critical value by film thinning.For the demulsifiers in the same series,the interfacial ela sticity of the film lowered with increasing dem ulsifier concentration initially,and then kept constant after the concentration reached a definite value.For the dem ulsifiers in different series,the m ore the interfacial elasticity lowe red,the bet-ter the dewatering effect will be.The dewatering rate is correlated with the interfacial elasticity.An acti on mecha-nism of the demulsifiers was propose d according to the experimental resu lts.

关 键 词：破乳剂 油水界面膜 作用机理 油膜寿命 油膜薄化速率 界面张力 界面粘度 界面弹性 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]