酸化工作液缓速作用的理论与实践  

Retarded acting theory of acidizing fluid and its application.

作　　者：陈赓良[1] 黄瑛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田分公司天然气研究院

出　　处：《钻井液与完井液》2004年第1期50-54,共5页Drilling Fluid & Completion Fluid

摘　　要：介绍了胶凝酸、降滤失酸、乳化酸、泡沫酸、胶束酸和自生酸的发展、性能以及使用效果。胶凝酸能改善酸化液的降滤失性能和泵送时的摩擦阻力 ,能提高残酸粘度从而改善对固体残渣的悬浮与携带性能。降滤失酸的特点是利用酸化反应过程中工作液pH值的变化对交联剂的影响而造成粘度变化 ,对裂缝进行连续性封堵。乳化酸适用于油井或油气共存井的酸化改造 ,一般乳化酸在高温下不易保持稳定 ,故井温超过 80℃时不宜采用乳化酸处理地层。泡沫酸的泡沫质量是关键 ,泡沫酸酸化多数用于油气井近井地带的处理 ,适合于低压低渗透储层的改造、老井挖潜、低压井的增产 ,也能解决返排困难。Developments, performances and usage efficiencies of gelling acid, fluid loss acid, emulsified acid, foam acid, micellar acid and authigenic acid were presented. Gelling acid is useful for improving fluid loss property of acidizing fluid and decreasing friction drag during pumping, as well as increasing reacted acid viscosity and improving suspend and carrying abilities of solid residues. Fluid loss acid has advantage of plugging incessantly fracture because of the change of working fluid viscosity caused by influence of cross link agent owing to its pH value changing during acidizing. Emulsified acid is useful for acidizing innovation of oil wells or oil and gas coexisting wells in which well temperature must less than 80 ℃ because emulsified acid is instable under high temperature. Foam quality is the key of foam acid, it is used usually in treating near well zone of oil/gas wells, as well as reconstructing low pressure low permeable reservoir, stimulating old wells and low pressure wells and overcoming problems of flowblack and formation water sensitivity.

关 键 词：酸化液 酸化压裂 缓速作用 胶凝酸 降滤失酸 乳化酸 泡沫酸 

分 类 号：TE357.2[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]