宁夏中卫山羊核心产区生物多样性调查  

Investigation of biodiversity in the core region of Zhongwei goat in Ningxia

作　　者：尚占环[1] 姚爱兴[1] 郭旭生[1] 辛明[1] 马文智[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学草业科学研究所,宁夏永宁750105

出　　处：《山地农业生物学报》2004年第1期18-22,共5页Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(39960052);教育部骨干教师资助项目

摘　　要：采用大样地调查方法对产区内不同海拔、不同利用程度的山地草地进行物种调查,并对物种数进行β多样性计算,结果表明,中卫山羊核心产区山地荒漠草原中物种数为151种,分属39科,95属,不同物种在一年内的生长动态不一,而且各样地的优势物种在不同月份变化很大。大样地调查的物种数及β多样性指数从整体上反映了山地荒漠草原地区的地形、水、热及干扰的综合作用。其中微地形的多样性导致生物多样性很显著。过度干扰(放牧、人为不合理开发)加重了山地荒漠草原生态系统的不完备性,直接导致系统内部结构紊乱及草地不同生产层次上系统的相悖,致使该地区草地生态系统面临崩溃。因此必须对其进行保育性封育,以提高生态系统的完备性。All plants in the core region of Zhongwei goat were researched by large samples that were located in mountainous grassland at different altitude and grazing pressure,and the data of research results were calculated by four β diversity indices. There are 151 plants that belong to 39 families and 95 genera in the mountainous desert grassland. It is different that the dynamic state of different species in every month(from May to November), and dominant species changed apparently in every month in different samples. The results of β diversity and numbers of species of every samples reflected the synthesis effect of topographical diversity ,water and sunbeam distribution,interference, and the effect of the topographical diversity significantly. Heavy interference (including grazing, reclamation, mining etc) aggravated the no-completeness of ecosystem of desert grassland, which led the chaos of construction inner the ecosystem directly, and then drove the paradox among every productive layer of mountainous desert grassland ecosystem, furthermore the chronicity and circularity of those effects made the grassland ecosystem more degradation. In the end, the author suggested that the government should seal and nurse the grassland ecosystem to improve the completeness of the ecosystem.

关 键 词：宁夏 中卫山羊 核心产区 生物多样性 优势物种 山地荒漠草原 保育性封育 生态系统 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学] S827.8[农业科学—畜牧学]