互斥方案评比方法及其一致性分析  

Analysis of the Identity of the Methods of Selecting the Mutually Exclusive Projects

作　　者：王军[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁石油化工大学经济管理学院工商管理系,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《石油化工高等学校学报》2004年第1期94-96,共3页Journal of Petrochemical Universities

摘　　要：　互斥方案经济效果的评比包括绝对经济效果评价和相对经济效果比较,其基本方法是增量分析法,根据反映增量经济效果的指标的不同,可细分为差额净现值法和差额内部收益率法等。实际工作中,主要应用差额净现值法和差额内部收益率法评比互斥方案,其中由差额净现值法导出了普遍遵循的净现值最大准则和净年值最大准则,净现值最大准则用于寿命期相同的互斥方案评比,净年值最大准则用于寿命期不同的互斥方案评比。各方法对互斥方案相对经济效果的比较结论具有一致性,但是,ΔNPV和ΔIRR只适用于方案的比较而不适用于方案的选择;而用NPV和NAV评比互斥方案可以把绝对经济效果评价与相对经济效果比较结合起来,直接进行方案的选择。The appraisal of the mutually exclusive alternatives includes absolute economic effect appraisal and relative economic effect appraisal. The fundamental means is the incremental analyzing means, according to the different economic effects that it is reflecting. The means can be divided into two means, the incremental net present value and the incremental internal rate of return. The methods of incremental net present value or incremental internal rate of return and the principles of maximal NPV or NAV are mainly applied in the appraisal of the mutually exclusive alternatives. The common accepted means—principle of NPV and principle of NAV are deduced from the incremental net present value. The principle of maximal NPV is used to appraise the mutually exclusive alternatives with same life circle, whereas, the principle of maximal NAV is used to appraise the mutually exclusive alternatives with different life circle. All the methods reach the identical conclusion in the appraisal of the economic effects of the mutually exclusive alternatives. Furthermore, the methods of ΔNPV and ΔIRR are suitable for the comparison instead of selection of the alternatives. The methods of NPV or NAV combined the evaluation with the comparison of the economic effects of the mutually exclusive alternatives can be used to select the alternatives directly.

关 键 词：互斥方案 评比方法 一致性 差额净现值 差额内部收益率 净现值最大准则 净年值最大准则 

分 类 号：F22[经济管理—国民经济]