鄂尔多斯高原固沙禾草沙鞭种子休眠和萌发与环境的关系  

Adaptation strategies of seed dormancy and germination of Psammochloa villosa , a sand dune grass inhabiting Ordos Plateau, China

作　　者：黄振英[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放研究重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2003年第7期1128-1133,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目 KSCX1-0 8-0 2 ;国家自然科学基金项目 3 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 ;国家重大基础研究发展规划项目 G2 0 0 0 0 1860 7

摘　　要：沙鞭是鄂尔多斯高原流动沙丘上分布的多年生禾草 .新采收的种子能够在 1 5～ 35℃的光照和暗中萌发 .在2 5℃光照下 ,通过 1 4 d的培养 ,种子的萌发率能够达到 80 % .在 2 5～ 35℃温度范围内 ,种子的萌发在光照下比暗中好 .通过低温层积处理表明 ,沙鞭的种子处于非深度休眠状态 .4星期的低温层积处理能够有效地加速和提高种子在 2 0～ 30℃、光照和暗中萌发 .对低温贮藏的需求可能是种子对其生境的适应 .另外 ,划伤颖果的果皮和种皮 ,以及不同程度地部分移走胚乳也能够不同程度地加速和提高种子的萌发 。Psammochloa villosa is a sand dune perennial grass mainly distributed in the moving deserts of Ordos Plateau, China. The freshly harvested caryopsis can germinate in the range of 15 to 35℃ under light and darkness. Higher percentages of germination (80%) achieved at 25℃ in light after 14 days of wetting. In the range of 25 to 35℃, seed germinate better in light than in dark. However, it was proved in a shallow non deep physiological dormancy by four weeks cold stratification, which can effectively increase and hasten germination percentages in the range of 20 to 30℃, equally in light and darkness. The cold moisture stratification requirement might be an adaptive strategy to the natural habitats. The rate and percentages of germination also can be hastened by scarified fruit coat and artificially removal different levels of endosperm, however, the seedling dry weight, development of root length and shoot length was significantly influenced by the endosperm removal treatment.

关 键 词：沙鞭 低温层积处理 非深度生理休眠 胚乳 种子萌发 幼苗发育 

分 类 号：Q945.35[生物学—植物学]