马桑绣球(绣球科)的花器官发生和发育  

Floral organogenesis in Hydrangea aspera (Hydrangeaceae)

作　　者：葛丽萍 路安民[1] 潘开玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室

出　　处：《植物分类学报》2003年第3期235-244,共10页Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 ( 3 0 1 3 0 0 3 0 );中国科学院生物分类区系学科发展特别支持项目 ( 2 1 92 2 2F)资助~~

摘　　要：在扫描电镜下观察了马桑绣球Hydrangeaaspera孕性花的发生及发育过程。马桑绣球的花器官向心轮状发生 :花萼原基以 2 / 5螺旋式相继发生 ,花瓣原基几乎同步发生。花瓣开始发育时 ,与花萼相对的雄蕊发生。与花瓣相对的雄蕊原基与心皮原基几乎同时出现。初始心皮向上扩展 ,分化出花柱和柱头 ,向下延伸 ,嵌入花托 ,发育为下位子房。花发育成熟时 ,隔膜于子房的下部连续 ,而中部和上部不连续 ,即子房为不完全 2室。经过与绣球属已观察过的另外 5种 1亚种花器官发生和发育比较 ,发现马桑绣球与藤绣球H .anomalasubsp .petiolaris和绣球H .macrophylla存在差异 ,而与其余 4种基本相似。花发育的资料显示 :前人在绣球属下设立冠盖组的处理可能比把它作为绣球组的一个亚组更合理。To provide data of floral development for the subsection Asperae, section Hydrangea of the genus Hydrangea, and to have a further insight into the floral morphological evolution of this genus, the organogenesis of fertile flowers in Hydrangea aspera was examined under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The species has small fertile flowers, arranged it a corymbose eyme. The flowers follow the regular centripetal mode in development. The sepal primordia arise in a two-fifths helix on the periphery of the floral apex. Petals are initiated nearly simultaneously, alternating with sepals. The floral apex appears concave after petal initiation. The species has diplostemony. The whorl of antesepalous stamens arises just as the petal primordia begin to flatten. The carpel primordia are initiated almost at the same time as the initiation of the antepetalous stamens. The thecae of the anthers are thicker than the connectives. Styles and stigmas are differentiated as the Incipient carpels extend upward, while the inferior ovary is formed by incipient carpels inserting into receptacle. Septa are continuous in the base of the mature ovary, but discontinuous in the mid and Lipper regions of ovary, i.e., the ovary is imperfectly 2-loculed. The gynoecium has two free styles and papillate stigmas. Floral developmental characters are compared among Hydrangea aspera and the six species previously reported by Hufford, and three patterns of floral development are revealed In Hydrangea. H. aspera differs front H. anomala subsp. petiolaris and H. mucrophylla in the pattern of floral development, but shares an identical development pattern with the other four species. The results show that it might be more reasonable to treat Calyptranthe as I independent section under Hydrangea than to treat it as a subsection of sect. Hydrangea.

关 键 词：绣球属 乌桑绣球 原基 发生式样 绣球科 花器官 孕性花 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]