神经性N受体拮抗剂对犬有机磷杀虫剂中毒所致的循环衰竭的治疗作用  

Therapeutic effects of neuronal nicotinic receptor antagonist circulatory failure in dogs with organophosphate insecticides poisoning

作　　者：李光[1] 龙超良[1] 慕邵峰[1] 崔文玉[1] 汪海[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院毒物药物研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《中华急诊医学杂志》2003年第6期384-387,共4页Chinese Journal of Emergency Medicine

基　　金：军队医药卫生"十五"重点课题资助 ( 0 1Z0 2 5 )

摘　　要：目的　在有机磷杀虫剂中毒诱发犬循环衰竭的模型上 ,研究中枢N受体拮抗剂的实验治疗学作用。方法　健康成年雄性杂种犬 ,体重 1 2～ 1 6kg。随机分为 4组 ,对照组 (A组 )、美加明组 (B组 )、阿托品组 (C组 )、阿托品和美加明 (剂量比 1 0∶1 )联用组 (D组 )。肌肉注射敌敌畏诱发循环衰竭模型 ,观察药物对其血流动力学参数的影响。结果　敌敌畏诱发犬循环衰竭时 ,平均动脉压 (MAP)由 (1 2 3 0±1 0 3)mmHg降至染毒后 (4 3 2± 1 2 )mmHg,下降了 6 6 2 % ,心率 (HR)、心室内压最大上升速率 (+dp/dtmax)、心室内压最大下降速率 (-dp/dtmax)、心肌纤维缩短速度 (Vpm)、心肌纤维缩短速率 (Vmax)、左心室收缩压 (LVSP)等与染毒前相比分别下降了 6 8 7%、 5 1 0 %、 5 0 7%、 6 7 2 %、 94 3%、 7 4 %。而B组、C组、D组在循环衰竭治疗后 1 0min左右开始与循环衰竭时相比 ,+dp/dtmax、 -dp/dtmax等心功能指标均开始明显改善 ,其中D组在循环衰竭治疗的 1 0～ 2 0min左右与其它 3组组间同时相相比 ,△MAP、△+dp/dtmax、△ -dp/dtmax、△Vpm均有显著增高。结论　神经性N受体拮抗剂美加明对有机磷杀虫剂中毒诱发的循环衰竭有明确的治疗作用 。Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects of neuronal nicotinic receptor antagonist mecamylamine in circulatory failure induced by DDV in dogs.Methods 20 male dogs were randomized into 4 groups:control(A);treatment with mecamylamine(B);treatment with atropine(C);treatment with mecamylamine and atropine(D).Animals were given intramuscular DDV,and when the mean blood pressure decreased to 40～45 mm Hg,the drugs were intramuscularly injected and the hemodynamic changes were observed.Results In anesthetized dogs poisoned with DDV,the circulatory failure was characterized by a decrease in mean blood pressure(MAP),which could be improved significantly if mecamylamine at 0 01 mg/kg,or atropine at 0 1 mg/kg,or both were used.After treatment with atropine and mecamylamine,△MAP?△+dp/dtmax?△-dp/dtmax and △Vpm were much higher than those in dogs treated with either of the two drugs alone.It suggested that there was synergism between mecamylamine and atropine.Conclusion The therapeutic effects of mecamylamine,an antagonist of nicotinic receptors,against circulatory failure induced by DDV were observed with synergism between mecamylamine and atropine. [

关 键 词：神经性N受体拮抗剂 犬 有机磷杀虫剂 药物中毒 循环衰竭 治疗 美加明 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]