流域侵蚀产沙的尺度变异规律研究  

Study on the Rules of Scales' Changes On Soil Erosion and Sediment Yield in Catchments

作　　者：唐政洪[1] 蔡强国[1] 许峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,100101 [2]水利部水土保持监测中心,北京100053

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2004年第1期56-61,共6页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所知识创新工程项目 (CXIOGA0 0 0 5 0 2 );国家自然科学基金项目 (4 98710 5 3);中国科学院西部行动项目 (KZCX110 0 4 )

摘　　要：侵蚀产沙的尺度变异规律 ,是当今土壤侵蚀研究的前沿 ,它涉及的研究范围广泛 ,小到土壤颗粒 ,大到全球气候变化与碳循环过程。特别是不同尺度流域之间侵蚀产沙和输移 ,究竟有什么样的内在联系 ,小流域所获得的研究成果是否能推广应用到大中流域 ,已成为迫切需要解决的重要科学问题。有关流域侵蚀产沙与输移过程随流域尺度复杂变化的研究 ,国际上刚刚开始 ,国内有关流域尺度研究主要涉及于水文学领域的一些尺度研究 ,关于流域侵蚀产沙与输移过程随流域尺度复杂变化的研究不多。作者对国外当前土壤侵蚀模型的最新进展进行了综述 ,并对侵蚀产沙的尺度变异规律进行了分析。由于具有GIS强大的空间数据管理和分析能力 ,它将在流域侵蚀产沙尺度变异这一侵蚀产沙的问题研究中发挥重要作用。The rules of scales' changes on soil erosion and sediment yield has been the advances of soil erosion studies, which include a range of scopes from soil grains to global climate changes and carbon cycle process. What should the inner relationships be between the soil erosion and sediment transport in various scales catchments? Whether or not to apply the research results of small catachments to larger regions? All of these have been the important scientific problems which should be solved urgently. It's just a beginning about the studies on the rules of scales in catachments in overseas, and the domestic research focused on hydrology. It is rare for the studies about the soil erosion process, sediment transport process and sediment yield in various scales. The paper summarized the new advances for international soil erosion model, and analyzed the rules of scales' changes. Since GIS has powerful capabilities for spatial data management and analysis, which will play an important role in this new filed.

关 键 词：流域侵蚀 产沙现象 尺度变异规律 空间尺度性 产沙预报 多尺度问题 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]