环境因素对伞形科两种植物种子萌发的影响  

Influence of environmental factors on seed germination of two species in Umbellaceae

作　　者：盛海燕[1] 葛滢[1] 常杰[1] 李伟成[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生命科学学院,杭州310029

出　　处：《生态学报》2004年第2期221-226,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究规划资助项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 4680 5 )~~

摘　　要：种子萌发模式是植物生活史策略中的一个主要特征。研究了环境因素对伞形科濒危植物明党参 (Changium smyrnioidesWolff)和非濒危植物峨参 (Anthriscussylvestris Hoffm.)种子萌发特性的影响。结果表明 ,温度是影响明党参和峨参这类冬性植物种子萌发的主要因素。两物种的种子萌发温度范围是 5～ 15℃ ,明党参种子的最适萌发温度是 10℃ ,峨参是 5℃ ,两物种在15℃时萌发率均已受抑制 ,到 18℃时几乎不萌发。两种植物种子的萌发率与温度显著负相关。两种植物种子在光照和黑暗条件下萌发率差异很小 ,均是中性种子。明党参种子在干燥条件下比峨参种子更容易失去活力 ,其种子的适宜含水量 (5 .9%～6 .4 % )比峨参 (<3.7% )高。种子质量好、萌发率高但种子产量低也是濒危植物种群更新的一个薄弱环节。Mechanisms that regulate seed germination through environment factors are important aspects of a species' life history. The response of seed germination to environment was a main character for plant in its life history. Changium smyrnioides Wolff is an endangered species in Umbellaceae, and its seedlings are rare in natural habitat. Anthriscus sylvestris (L.) Hoffm. is a non-endangered species belongs to the same family, its distribution area is wide and the seedlings are numerous in habitats. In this study we experimentally investigated how the environmental factors influence the seed germination of the two species. Seeds were collected from the natural habitat, South Peak (120°06'E, 30°13'N) near Hangzhou city. Seeds of both species matured in June, then were in dormancy during summer, autumn and winter, and began germination in early spring. Results showed that temperature was a main factor affecting the seed germination of the winter-growing species like C. smyrnioides and A. sylvestris. The germination temperature ranges of the both species were between 5℃ and 15℃. Germination of two species seeds were restrained at 15℃, and almost stopped at 18℃. The optimal temperature for seed germination of C. smyrnioides was 10℃, and the average germination was 79.9%; while the optimal temperature for A. sylvestris was 5℃, and the average germination was 85.2%. The seed germination was correlated negatively to temperature from 5℃ to 18℃. The change of daily temperature also affected seed germination, and the germination increased with daily variety of temperature. Light was not a significant factor for the germination, both of the two species seeds were not light sensitive, and there was little difference for germination in light and in dark: 75.5% and 71.5% for C. smyrnioides and 68.0% and 67.5% in light and in dark, respectively. C. smyrnioides seeds lost their availability more easily than A. sylvestris in natural habitat, the reason should be the moisture of the habitat: the optimal seed water co

关 键 词：明党参 峨参 休眠 萌发 温度 光照 种子含水量 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]