生物膜反应器中好氧颗粒污泥形成机理  

Formation Mechanism of Granular Sludge in Suspended Carrier Biofilm Reactor

作　　者：王荣昌[1] 文湘华[1] 钱易[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《中国给水排水》2004年第3期5-8,共4页China Water & Wastewater

基　　金：科技部重点专项专题(2000-3);清华大学"985"基金资助项目

摘　　要：　研究了新型悬浮载体生物膜反应器对生活污水中COD和氨氮的去除效果,就生物量和生物相的变化规律进行了分析,在此基础上探讨了反应器内好氧颗粒污泥的形成机理。试验发现,所形成的好氧颗粒污泥为白色绒球状,平均粒径为2～3mm,最大可达5mm左右,相对密度在1.12～1.14之间,沉速为29.7～46.0m/h;反应器内的微生物以附着生长型为主,生物量(SS)为5.0～15.0g/L,好氧颗粒污泥在总生物量中所占的比例较小(约为1/10)。此好氧颗粒污泥可看成是脱落的生物膜在特定外部环境条件下所形成的具有特殊结构的微生物聚集体,其主要是由丝状细菌的菌丝缠绕而成,同时有球菌、杆菌等其他微生物附着生长在菌丝上。After studying on the COD and NH_3-N removal efficiency in a suspended carrier biofilm reactor and analysis of variation of biomass and biofacies, discussion was made on the formation mechanism of aerobic granular sludge in the reactor. It was found that the formed aerobic granules are white flocculus with 2～3 mm in average diameter (up to 5 mm the maximum), relative density (1.12 ～ 1.14), and settling velocity 29.7 ～ 46.0 m/h. In the reactor the biomass ( SS ) was 5.0 ～15.0 g/L, the main proportion of which was the attached-growth bacteria and aerobic granular sludge only accounted for about ten percent. The formed aerobic granules can be considered as microbial congeries with special structure, which is formed by the falling-off biofilm under special environment. They are mainly composed of filamentous bacteria and the other bacteria such as cocci and bacilli are attached on them.

关 键 词：悬浮载体生物膜反应器 好氧颗粒污泥 生物膜 丝状细菌 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]