晚秋叶施尿素和生长调节剂对富士苹果幼树贮藏氮素的影响  

EFFECTS OF AUTUMN FOLIAR APPLICATION OF ^(15)N-UREA AND SEVERAL PGR ON N STORAGE AND REUSE IN APPLE

作　　者：韩振海[1] 曾骧[1] 王福钧[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京农业大学园艺系,100094 [2]北京农业大学生物学院,100094

出　　处：《园艺学报》1992年第1期15-21,共7页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会的部分资助

摘　　要：1985—1987年对2年生长富2/海棠苹果盆栽幼树进行^(15)N—尿素示踪及几种植物生长调节剂的喷施试验表明,晚秋叶施尿素或萘乙酸可明显加速叶片N素向树体内回撤,增加贮藏N素水平;相应地,二者皆可增强晚秋叶片内蛋白酶活性。赤霉素也能增加叶片蛋白酶的活性,但未明显增加树体内贮藏N素的水平。而秋季叶施6—苄基嘌呤、乙烯利和脱落酸,在N素回撤、增加树体贮藏N素水平上无明显影响。苹果树地上部分和根系在秋冬N素的贮藏上有同等重要的作用。氮素的贮藏形态,以蛋白态N为主。秋季叶施尿素对第2年,尤其是翌春的果树生长有益,并可产生理想的新梢生长模式。秋施尿素进入苹果树体的肥料N素有较长时期循回利用的时间效应。Effects of autumn foliar application of ^(15)N-urea and several plant growth regulators ( PGR ) on N storage and reuse in young apple plants (Malus pumila Mill. ) were studied. Foliarly applied ^(15)N-urea (3.5%)or NAA ( 60ppm ) during autumn enhanced the retranslocation of leaf N to other plant parts and they also increased level of stored N, Either of them increased the pro-teolytic activity of the leaves; therefore, such activities appear to be a major mechanism of retranslocation of leaf N. GA ( l00ppm ) increased the proteolytic activity of the leaves ; yet it could not increase the level of stored N. There were no marked effects of autumn BA ( 100 ppm ) , or CEPA ( 200ppm ) , or ABA ( 20ppm ) sprays on the retranslocation of leaf N, and stored N in the plants. Above-ground parts and roots of apple during winter season possessed the approximate portion of stored N; protein-N is main form of stored N.Nitrogen retrans-located benefited growth in next spring and produced more growth during the following seasons. A considerable portion of the plant N during the following second and third year was attributable to the foliarly applied N during the first year.

关 键 词：尿素 生长调节剂 苹果 氮素 

分 类 号：S661.106.2[农业科学—果树学]