常绿杜鹃花引种方法初探  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METHODS OF INTRODUCTION AND DOMESTICATION ON RHODODENDRON SPECIES

作　　者：张长芹[1] 冯宝钧[1] 赵革英 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院昆明植物研究所,650204

出　　处：《园艺学报》1992年第3期256-260,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：从杜鹃花的种子繁殖、野外挖苗、就地驯化、过渡驯化、野外采条扦插等5个方面,对常绿杜鹃引种驯化的理论和方法进行了研究。结果表明:1.杜鹃花通过播种育苗过程,是一种行之有效的引种驯化方法。2.野外挖苗不易引种成功,死亡率高达85％～90％以上。3.从野外引种杜鹃花幼苗的时间以11月至翌年1月为宜。4.当地农民采掘杜鹃花幼苗带回家中栽培,待栽培成活后再运回昆明,这种方法较直接引回昆明的幼苗成活率高。5.过渡驯化法,即选择与杜鹃花原产地气候条件相似的地带作为引种中转站,待成活后再运回昆明。6.从野外采枝条带回昆明进行扦插,生根率在0～40％之间。Over the past years, we have been studying the principle and methods of Rhododendron introduction and domestication in 5 respocts; sowing seed; collecting seedling and big plants from original place; domesticating Rhododendron at local place ; transition domesticating; cutting propogation and collecting the young plants of the wild Rhododendrons. The result shows that 1. sowing seed of Rhododendron is a good way of introduction and domestication. 2. Seedling and big plant digging are unsuccessful because the wild Rhododendron is difficult to suit the Kun-ming's climate so that 85%~30% of the seedlings which are introduced from the wild can not survive. 3. survival rate of introduced seedlings has close relation ship to the time of introduceing seedling, the best introduction time is from November to next January. If the intro-duceing time is from March to September,the dead seedling rate is more-than 90% 4. Asking local people to domesticate Rhododendron and transporting the surviving ones to Kunming is much better than introducing the seedling to Kunming directly. 5. Transition domestication is similar to local domestication. We choose a place in which, the climate is similar to that of the original place of Rhododendron thus make it a halfway station, and when Rhododendron has been successfully domesticated there then we take them to Kunming. 6. If we take the cuttings from the wild to Kunming and insert them into the medium, the rooting rate is between 0 ~40%.

关 键 词：杜鹃花 就地驯化 播种驯化 引种 

分 类 号：S685.210.2[农业科学—观赏园艺]