支付命令与安全程序——美国《统一商法典》第4A编的核心概念及对我国电子商务立法的启示  

Payment Order and Safety Process

作　　者：刘颖[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学法学院

出　　处：《中国法学》2004年第1期161-172,共12页China Legal Science

基　　金：广东省高等学校人文社科研究项目<电子商务法律问题研究>(批准号:OlSJA820003)成果之一;司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研项目<网络银行监管法律问题研究>(批准号:02SFB20028)成果之一。

摘　　要：电子资金划拨是电子商务的重要环节。作为世界上调整大额电子资金划拨最完善的法律,美国《统一商法典》第4A编创设了“支付命令”和“安全程序”等全新的概念与规则。支付命令不仅是4A编所界定的支付指令,而且对确定4A编的调整范围和大额电子资金划拨各当事方权利义务具有重要的意义。安全程序是支付命令的认证手段,其相关规则将欺诈损失在各当事方间进行了分担。美国《统一商法典》第4A编对我国电子商务立法具有如下启示:“功能等同”方法不是电子商务立法的唯一思路,我国立法应借鉴美国《统一商法典》第4A编的经验,考虑创立具有全新概念、全新规则专门调整电子商务特定关系的法律;我国电子商务法应是一个法群,而不是一部法典;我国电子商务立法应就电子化权利的转让问题作出规定。Electronic funds transfer is one of the important parts of electronic commerce. As the most advanced law regulating large value electronic fund transfer, Article 4A of Uniform Commercial Code creates some new concepts and norms, say, 'payment order', 'security procedure'. Payment order is not only the payment instruction that Article 4A defines, but also plays an important role in defining the regulation scope of Article 4A as well as the obligations and rights of each party in large value electronic fund transfer. Meanwhile security procedure whose relevant norms allocates the losses arising out of fraud among the parties serves as the authentication means of payment order. References from Article 4A of Uniform Commercial Code shall be taken for Chinese legislation on electronic commerce, which includes the following items: Firstly, 'function equivalent' is by no means the only way of electronic commerce legislation, therefore it's necessary to take examples from Article 4A of Uniform Commercial Code, i.e. promulgation of laws with totally new concepts and norms to regulate the specific relations in electronic commerce. Secondly, electronic commerce legislation in China shall not be a single code but a body of laws. Thirdly, electronic commerce legislation shall make provisions on transfer of electronic rights.

关 键 词：美国 《统一商法典》 电子资金划拨 电子商务 支付命令 安全程序 立法 适用范围 当事人权利 

分 类 号：D913.99[政治法律—民商法学]