多氯联苯对剑尾鱼Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性的影响  

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on activity of Na^+/K^+-ATPase in Xiphophorus helleri

作　　者：方展强[1] 张凤君[1] 郑文彪[1] 马广智[1] 伍育源[1] 肖智[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学生命科学学院,广东广州510631

出　　处：《水产学报》2004年第1期89-92,共4页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：广东省重点攻关科技项目资助(2KB05402N)

摘　　要：采用毒性实验的方法,定量地研究了多氯联苯暴露对剑尾鱼肝脏、卵巢及鳃组织中Na^+/K.+-ATPase活性的影响。结果表明:不同组织其Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性的高低存在明显差异。多氯联苯对剑尾鱼肝脏及卵巢的Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性有抑制作用但不显著;对鳃的Na^+/K^+-ATPase活性则显示有显著的抑制作用,并随暴露浓度和时间的增加而提高。3种组织中鳃Na^+/K^+-ATPase对多氯联苯显得更为敏感。Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been studied worldwide in the last twenty years, because of their large production and usage rates, considerable environmental persistency and harmful biological effects. Fish bioaccumulation markers may be applied in order to elucidate the aquatic behavior of environmental contaminants, as bioconcentrators to identify certain substances, such as PCBs, with low water levels and to assess exposure of aquatic organisms. Swordtails (Xiphophorus helleri) were obtained from Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute. Short-term (24,48,72 and 96 h) median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) toxicity tests were conducted. With swordtail fish exposed to PCBs with 0μg·L^(-1), 2μg·L^(-1), 50μg·L^(-1) for 7 days, the activities of Na^+/K^+ -ATPase of liver, gill and ovary tissues in 72 h were quantitatively studied by toxic experimental methods. Aim of this study was to test (1) the influence of the PCBs-polluted sludge on the fish activities; (2) if the gill, ovary or hepatic Na^+ /K^+ - ATPase activity in fish could be considered a valid biomarker for environmental risk assessment. The results indicated that the semi-lethal concentration (LC_(50)) of 96h for PCBs to swordtails was 2.063μg·L^(-1). The results also indicated that Na^+/K^+ - ATPase exhibited different activities in different tissues. The Na^+/K^+ - ATPase activities of gill was more susceptive to PCBs among three tissues. The inhibitions to hepatic Na^+/K^+ - ATPase and ovary Na^+/K^+ - ATPase were not so remarkable (P>0.05), while gill Na^+/K^+ - ATPase was inhibited by PCBs very significantly as the extent of exposure time and toxic concentrations (P<0.01). The experiment indicates that the activities and sensitivities to PCBs of Na^+/K^+ - ATPase in gill are higher than those in liver and ovary, which may be associated with their physiological functions. It also indicates that the gill Na^+/K^+ - ATPase activity in swordtails could be considered a valid biomarker for environmental risk assessment.

关 键 词：多氯联苯 剑尾鱼 Na^+/K^+—ATPase活性 肝脏 卵巢 鳃 中毒 毒理学 浸浴法 

分 类 号：S941.91[农业科学—水产养殖]