碱锰电池有机代汞缓蚀剂的研究  

Study on organic mercury - substituting inhibitors in alkaline zinc-manganese batteries

作　　者：孟凡桂[1] 唐有根[1] 蒋金芝[1] 高艺[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《电源技术》2004年第3期137-140,共4页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：金属锌在KOH溶液中存在腐蚀析氢现象,通过析氢实验和极化曲线法研究了6种具有不同亲水链长度的有机缓蚀剂对锌在KOH溶液中的缓蚀性能。结果表明,6种化合物对锌均有不同程度的缓蚀作用,其中癸烷基(八)氧乙烯醚磷酸酯钾盐(PEE)可使锌粉析氢量减少70.6%,缓蚀效率可达78.7%。缓蚀剂浓度和结构是影响缓蚀效率的重要因素。浓度太低,形成的保护膜薄,缓蚀效率低;浓度太高,吸附不均匀,也不能提高缓蚀效率。此外,缓蚀效率的高低还与缓蚀剂的分子结构有密切的关系,亲水链短,缓蚀剂的溶解度低,溶液中的缓蚀剂分子很少,无法在金属表面形成致密的保护膜,缓蚀效率降低。Zinc exists corrosion phenomenon in KOH solution. The inhibiting properties of six kinds of organic compounds were studied with respect to the corrosion of zinc in 40% KOH solution through collecting gas experiments and Tafel polarization curves. The results show that all six kinds of organic compounds have different inhibiting ability. Among them PEE can make hydrogen amount of zinc powder reduce 70.6% and the inhibition efficiency reach 78.7% .The concentration and structure of the inhibitors are the most important factors influencing the inhibition efficiency. When the concentration is too low, some sites are uncovered because the protective layer is thin and inhibitors cannot act well. When inhibitors are excessively added, there might be inhomogeneous adsorption, which weakens its adsorption on the zinc surface. In addition, inhibition efficiency is concerned with structures of inhibitors. With shorter hydrophilic group, the solubility of inhibitor decreases and the saturation concentration of it in the solution is too small to produce protective layers. Consequently, the inhibition efficiency decreases.

关 键 词：碱锰电池 锌电极 缓蚀效率 有机代汞缓蚀剂 锌粉 

分 类 号：TM911.14[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]