低能聚变反应中的电子屏蔽效应  

Electron Screening Effects in Fusion Reactions at Low Energies

作　　者：连刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国原子能科学研究院核物理研究所,北京102413

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2004年第2期97-104,共8页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学重点基金资助项目 (19935 0 30 );国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 (G2 0 0 0 0 774 0 0 );国家杰出青年自然科学基金资助项目 (10 0 2 5 5 2 4 )

摘　　要：简要介绍了天体物理感兴趣能区带电粒子核反应中的电子屏蔽效应的实验及理论研究。为深入了解电子屏蔽效应的机制 ,在鲁尔大学DTL实验室 1 0 0kV加速器上采用一系列氘化金属靶、氘化绝缘体靶和氘化半导体靶进行了D(d ,p)T反应的研究。实验结果表明 ,大多数氘化金属靶中的电子屏蔽效应较大 ,而氘化绝缘体靶和氘化半导体靶中的电子屏蔽效应相对较小。在对金属中的电子做准自由近似后 ,应用经典的德拜模型可对氘化金属靶的结果给出一种合理的解释 ,验证实验正在进行中。从实验数据中还可得到有关各种材料对氘的吸附能力方面的信息。The experimental and theoretical studies of the electron screening effects in charged-particle induced reactions at energies of astrophysical interest were summarized briefly. For a deep understanding of electron screening effects, the D(d,p)T reaction has been studied in a series of deuterated metal-, insulator- and semiconductor targets using the 100 kV accelerator of the Dynamitron-Tandem-Laboratorium at the Ruhr-University-Bochum. As compared to measurements performed with a gaseous D2 target, a large effect has been observed in most metals, while a comparatively small effect is found in the insulators and semiconductors. A reasonable explanation of the large effect in metals is possibly provided by the classical plasma screening of Debye applied to the quasi-free metallic electrons. The subsequent experiments are already in progress to prove this explanation. The data also provides some information on the solubility of hydrogen in the samples.

关 键 词：低能聚变反应 电子屏蔽效应 天体物理学 氘化金属靶 氘化绝缘体靶 氘化半导体靶 恒星 

分 类 号：P144[天文地球—天体物理]