国民党中央委员的权力嬗蜕与派系竞逐  

Declining Power and Factional Struggle in the Guomindang Central Committee

作　　者：王奇生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,研究员100006

出　　处：《历史研究》2003年第5期55-70,共16页Historical Research

摘　　要：国民党全代会和中央执行委员会的法理地位和实际职能有一个逐渐离异的过程。全党法理上的最高权力机关实际衍化为党内各派争夺党统、角逐权力和较量实力的大舞台。随着派系斗争的推演 ,中委名额逐届递升 ,衍为“中央执行委员愈多 ,则党的纠纷愈增加 ;党的纠纷愈增加 ,则中央执行委员愈多”的循环局面。中委的地位在名额的不断涨溢中日趋贬损和虚化 ,其实际决策权力在党魁威权和臃肿的机构运作下日趋销蚀。由于战时政治资源相对紧缩 ,名义上崇隆的中央委员职位仍然成为各派觊觎的主要目标。 1 945年 5月召开的六全大会 ,国民党各派系为了竞逐中委充分展示和释放了战时八年各自所蕴蓄的组织能量。六大的召开 ,在某种程度上预示着国民党江河日下的颓势和无可挽回的末运。The Guomindang National Party Congress and its Central Executive Committee experienced a divorce between legal status and actual role. The legitimate highest organ of power of the party became an arena for cliques contending for power. To appease the contention more seats were added to the Central Executive Committee; but conflict ensuing over these seats led to a vicious cycle. With more seats in the Committee, the status of the members dropped and their influence shrank. The decision-making capacity of the Committee was seriously weakened by the party tycoons and the clumsy bureaucratic organization. Yet the cliques still aimed at the nominally-privileged seats in the wartime when resources were scarce. The Sixth National Party Congress held in the eve of the victory of the Anti-Japanese War became a sporting arena where various cliques displayed the power they had accumulated during the 8 years of war. The Congress prefigured the inevitable decline and fall of the Guomindang.

关 键 词：国民党 中央委员 决策权 中央执行委员会 派系斗争 

分 类 号：K262[历史地理—历史学]