不同土壤不同粒级颗粒供钾能力的研究  

Evaluation of potassium supplying power of soils and its particles

作　　者：王波[1] 张耀明[1] 鲍士旦[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学农业科学技术学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第1期77-81,共5页Journal of Soochow University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39470408)

摘　　要：应用矿物鉴定和生物试验方法(水稻)研究了我国4种主要土壤(黄棕壤、棕壤、红壤和石灰性紫色土)的三个粒级(0～2μm、2～10μm和10～50μm)的供钾状况,并且对四种土壤的供钾能力进行了评价.试验证明,随着土壤颗粒粒径的增大、风化程度的减弱,同一土壤不同粒级颗粒的含钾矿物组成逐渐简单化,次生矿物种类及含量逐渐减少,原生含钾矿物含量明显提高.三粒级的供钾能力是0～2μm>2～10μm>10～50μm;进一步分析表明0～50μm粒级的供钾能力主要由0～10μm粒级所决定的;四种土壤供钾能力大小顺序为石灰性紫色土>棕壤>黄棕壤>红壤.In this experiment 4 main arable soils ( Yellowr Brown Earth,Brown Earth,Calcium Purple Soil and Red Soil) collected from different parts of China were fractionated into three fractions according to particle size by X-ray and pot culture with rice as the indicator crop were carried out on these three fractions of each soils to study the relationship between mineral composition of different fraction and potassium-supplying powver.The results of the analysis of the minerals showed that most of the primary minerals consisting of quartz, feldspar and mica occurred in 10～50μm while only small amount of quartz and feldspar present in 0～2μm and 2～10μm, no mica present in these two fractions. On the contrary, most of secondary minerals present in 0～2μm and 2～10μm in which hydrous mica and vermiculite are the principal ones, which in 10～50μm fractons the small amount of secondary minerals are chlorite and vermiculite.According to the content of exchangeable and non exchangeable K in different fraction,the order of K-supplyig power of 0～50μm fraction was determined by 0～10μm,mainly.The contribution of different size particle to soil K supplying was related not only to the K content in each particle size but also to the distribution of each size particle in soil.According to the pot culture the order of K-supplying power of the four soils was as follow:Calcium Purple Soil>Brown Earth>Yellow Brown Earth>Red Soil.

关 键 词：土壤 粒级颗粒 供钾能力 黄棕壤 棕壤 红壤 石灰性紫色土 

分 类 号：S153.61[农业科学—土壤学]