田径速度性项群运动员体能结构特征的研究  

Study on the Structural Characters of Physical Efficiency of Speed Events

作　　者：尹军[1] 孙庆平[2] 许俊柱[3] 丁俊生[3] 

机构地区：[1]首都体育学院,北京100088 [2]安徽巢湖学院体育系,安徽巢湖231000 [3]安徽师范大学体育学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2004年第2期266-268,共3页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：安徽省高校青年教师科研基金支助;项目代码:2002JQ003。

摘　　要：运用文献资料、专家调查法和数理统计等研究方法,分别对田径速度性项群体能主导因素的权重,以及身体形态、机能和运动素质的结构特征进行研究。结果表明:不同专项中外优秀运动员的身高指数排序各不相同,男女运动员的指距-身高指数表现出明显的无规则分布特征;100m和200m男子运动员的躯干和髋部形态更偏向于粗壮型,而400m和400m栏男女运动员的身体形态均稍偏向瘦型;去脂体重与运动成绩之间呈正相关,表现出训练水平越高去脂体重与体重/身高指数趋于增大;不同单项所需的运动素质具有独特的组合结构特征。The weight of essential factors of physical efficiency, the structural characters of physique, function and fitness are studied by means of literature review, expert interview, questionnaire and statistics. The results shows that there are differences in the distribution of height indexes for Chinese and foreign elite athletes. Meawhile, the index of armspan minus height shows a random distribution character for athletes of both sexes; the shapes of trunk and hips of 100-meter and 200-meter male elite athletes display a sturdy appearance, but the physical figure of 400-meter and 400-meter hurdle elite athletes is inclined to be the thin type; there is a direct correlation on the net weight and sport performance which shows that the higher the training level is, the larger the index of the net weight and the weight/height is. Sport quality for each event displays a unique character of combined structure.

关 键 词：速度性 项群 体能 结构 特征 

分 类 号：G820.3[文化科学—体育训练]