贝类四倍体育种研究进展  

Progress of Tetraploid Breeding in Molluscs

作　　者：王昭萍[1] 李慷均[1] 于瑞海[1] 郑小东[1] 王如才[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第2期195-202,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划 (2 0 0 1 AA6 2 80 30 )资助

摘　　要：综述了国内外贝类四倍体育种的研究现状和最新进展。四倍体诱导的方法主要有抑制第 1极体或同时抑制 2个极体的释放、抑制第 1次卵裂、细胞融合、人工雌核发育和利用三倍体诱导四倍体 ,其中利用三倍体获得四倍体是迄今报道的获得具存活力的四倍体的唯一成功方法。四倍体育种中染色体组操作的结果除了产生整倍体外 ,还产生大量的非整倍体。四倍体贝类存活力较低 ,但具有较高的繁殖力 ,能产生较大的生殖细胞 ,并能与二倍体杂交产生 1 0 0 %的三倍体。The progress and status quo of tepraploid breeding in molluscs in the world is reviewed in this paper. Tetraploids can be yielded by methods such as inhabiting the first polar body, blocking mitosis I, cell fusion, artificial gynogenesis and using eggs from triploids. Using eggs from triploids has been the only successful approach to yielding viable tetraploids reported so far. Manipulation of chromosome in tetraploid breeding resulted in not only euploids, but also a great many aneuploids. Tetraploid molluscs are of low viability but high fecundity and can produce larger gametes. Crosses between tetraploids and diploids can result in 100% triploids.

关 键 词：贝类 四倍体 极体 育种 生殖细胞 杂交 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]