被动式微波遥感在南极海冰研究中的应用  

Application of Microwave Remote Sensing inthe Study of Antarctica Sea Ice

作　　者：周琳琳[1] 刘飞[1] 益建芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学城市与环境考古遥感开放研究实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《影像技术》2004年第1期48-51,共4页Image Technology

摘　　要：南极对全球气象、气候变化起着重要的作用,直接影响着大气环流和气候的变化,南极海冰则是影响全球气候的关键因素。然而南极的98%以上的陆地被平均海拔2400多米的冰雪覆盖,有些地区的环境恶劣,高纬度地区人们是不能够到达,人工考察和调查受到限止,因此通过人们亲眼观测的数据相对于整个南极来说只是凤毛麟角。从二十世纪70年代开始由于人造卫星的应用,对冰雪圈进行了连续观测,随之发展的遥感技术和影像光化学处理技术以及影像计算机处理技术,使遥感技术在研究南极海冰年季间分布以及变化特征时成为至关重要的精确数据的获取方式,微波遥感以其自身的优势成为了南极海冰研究的主要方式。The Antarctica plays the key role of the climatic change in the globe. Sea ice is important because it regulates exchanges of heat, moisture and salinity in the polar oceans. But 98 percent of the land in the Antarctica is covered by ice which height is more than 2400m.The conditions of some areas are so bad that people can't reach. The detection and exploration are limited,so the data are very little in term of the Antarctica. From the 70s of the 20 century, satellite data provide the best means of observing ice pack coverage and variability. A variety of remote sensing instruments have been used successfully to map sea ice conditions. Observations of Antarctica derived from these instruments have become essential for tracking ice edges, estimating sea ice concentrations, and classifying sea ice types. Passive microwave data facilitate monitoring of the interannual variations and trends in sea ice cover. Passive microwave remote sensing is the primary way in the study of sea ice in the Antarctica.

关 键 词：被动式微波遥感 南极 海冰研究 图像处理 

分 类 号：P343.63[天文地球—水文科学] TP722.6[天文地球—地球物理学]