高含沙水流河床稳定性试验研究  

Experimental study on the impact of hyper-concentrated flow on channel metamorphosis

作　　者：张欧阳[1] 张红武[1] 马怀宝[2] 董占地[1] 徐向舟[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学水利系,北京100084 [2]黄河水利科学研究院,郑州450003

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第3期406-409,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金 (40201008);全国优秀博士论文作者专项基金 (199935)

摘　　要：利用过程响应模型试验原理,模拟了高含沙水流河道的形成过程,从平面、横断面和纵向变化3方面揭示了高含沙水流窄深河道的形成过程及河道形态特征。试验结果表明:在高含沙窄深河道形成初期,河道平面摆动剧烈,同时水流漫滩并大量淤积,河床抬高,主槽保持窄深形态;在后期,水流不漫滩和保持高含沙水流的条件下,这种单一窄深河道形态变化较小,在空间和时间上都能够相对稳定。This paper simulated the formation processes from the aspect of the planar, cross-sectional, and longitudinal form of the deep and narrow channel impacted by hyper-concentrated flow using the experimental theory of process-response model. The experimental results show that in the early stages, the channel changes largely and frequently, at the same time, the heavy sediment-laden flow overflowes the floodplain and deposites largely on it, which causes the channel elevation raised. However, the main channel still keeps deep and narrow. In the later stages, the flow of water does not over the floodplain and keeps high sediment concentration. This kind of channel changes slightly and keeps stable temporally and spatially.

关 键 词：河道演变 高含沙水流 模型试验 输沙能力 横断面 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]