基于土地利用与地表覆盖遥感信息的洪水过程模拟  

Application of remote sensing information about land use and land cover to flood simulation

作　　者：姜红梅[1] 任立良[1] 安如[2] 袁飞[1] 王美荣 

机构地区：[1]河海大学水资源环境学院水资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098 [2]南京大学城市与资源学系,江苏南京210093 [3]北京市水文总站,北京100039

出　　处：《河海大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第2期131-135,共5页Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973计划)资助项目(2001CB309404);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40171016)

摘　　要：基于数字流域平台,将遥感技术获取的土地利用和地表覆盖1km栅格信息与数字高程模型数据进行空间配准,由此直接提取新安江模型参数IMP(不透水面积比),并通过构建林地面积比与新安江模型参数SM(土壤自由水蓄水容量)的关系间接确定各子流域的SM值.汉江褒河流域24场洪水实例研究表明:采用半分布式水文模型,15场洪水的确定性系数增大,22场洪峰流量相对误差显著降低;SM对洪峰流量的影响要比对确定性系数的影响大.Based on the platform of digital basin, the grid information with a resolution of one kilometer about land use and land cover obtained by the remote sensing technology is spatially matched with the data from the digital elevation model. The ratio of the impervious area to the subcatchment area, denoted by IMP, a parameter of the Xin'anjiang Model, is extracted directly. The soil free water storage capacity—SM, another sensitive parameter of the Xin'anjiang Model, can also be obtained indirectly by construction of the relationship between the ratio of forest-land area to the subcatchment area and the parameter SM. A case study of 24 flood events in the Baohe catchment, the upper tributary of the Hanjiang River, by use of the semi-distributed hydrologic model shows that the precision of the deterministic coefficient of 15 flood events is obviously improved, and the relative error of peak discharge of 22 flood events obviously decreases, and that the effect of SM on the peak discharge is greater than that on the deterministic coefficient.

关 键 词：数字高程模型 数字流域 土地利用 地表覆盖 遥感 洪水过程模拟 

分 类 号：TV122[水利工程—水文学及水资源] P338.9[天文地球—水文科学]