高产香蕉平衡施肥技术研究  

Study on balanced fertilization technology in high-yield banana

作　　者：姚丽贤[1] 周修冲[1] 蔡永发[1] 陈婉珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农科院土壤肥料研究所,广州510640

出　　处：《土壤肥料》2004年第2期26-29,共4页Soils and Fertilizers

摘　　要：在肥力较高的老蕉园进行平衡施肥技术研究。结果表明:当第一造蕉氮肥用量达到1000kg/hm2以上及氮钾肥施肥比例N K2O为1 1 15时,香蕉抽蕾提前,蕉果农艺性状及品质较好,产量达到52 5t/hm2的高产水平,获得较好的经济效益;随着施钾比例的增加,香蕉的营养生长受到一定的限制,农艺性状及品质均变差,产量及经济效益均有所下降。在土壤Mg/K=1 37的情况下增施镁肥,香蕉的营养生长受到一定影响,蕉果的农艺性状下降,但固形物与可溶糖含量提高,产量及经济效益明显降低;施用硫肥对香蕉的生长及产量影响不大,但由于增加了肥料成本而使经济效益有所下降。Field trial was conducted to study balanced fertilization technology in banana on old orchard with higher fertility. The result showed that floral emergence of banana advanced with better fruit's agronomic characteristics and super quality while N was used above rate of 1000 kg/hm^2 and N, K was applied at the ratio of NK_2O=11.15, producing a high yield (1^(st) crop) of 52.5 t/hm^2 and obtaining satisfactory economic benefit. As the ratio of NK_2O increased, vegetative growth of banana was inhibited, agronomic characteristics and quality of fruit became worse, and fruit yield and plantation profits decreased.On the condition of soil Mg/K was 1.37, magnesium application restricted banana's vegetative growth, decreased the fruit's agronomic characteristics, however,improved fruit's solid material and soluble sugar content, and reduced fruit yield and plantation profits markedly. S application did not have great influence on vegetative growth and yield, but plantation profits went down since fertilizer cost increased.

关 键 词：香蕉 平衡施肥 氮肥 产量 农艺性状 品质 营养生长 镁肥 硫肥 

分 类 号：S668.1[农业科学—果树学]