太西无烟煤制备微孔活性炭的试验研究  

Experimental study on the manufacture of activated carbon in the presence of additives

作　　者：马蓉[1] 张丽芳[1] 张双全[1] 王新红[1] 唐志红[1] 朱文魁[1] 严红 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学化工学院,江苏徐州221008 [2]山东王晁煤电集团技术处,山东台儿庄277400

出　　处：《新型炭材料》2004年第1期57-60,共4页New Carbon Materials

摘　　要：　研究了在硝酸盐与含钾化合物两种添加剂作用下用太西无烟煤制备微孔活性炭的试验条件。其制备工艺为经粉磨的原料煤和添加剂混捏挤条,然后炭化和活化。在试验中利用正交试验法,选定两种添加剂比例、炭化升温速度、活化温度、活化时间作为考查的四个因素,微孔孔容作为考查指标,得出了最佳水平组合:添加剂硝酸盐与含钾化合物的质量比为2∶1,炭化升温速度5℃/min,活化温度920℃,活化时间3.5h。用氮气吸附法对活性炭产品进行分析,并用BET法、D R方程和密度函数理论(DFT)表征了活性炭产品的比表面、总孔容、微孔孔容和孔径分布等性能指标。并对添加质量分数为6%的添加剂和无添加剂,其余因素取最佳水平值制得的活性炭产品用DFT法进行了孔径分布分析。结果表明,相同条件下添加质量分数为6%的添加剂制得的活性炭在微孔孔容和总孔容方面都有较大的提高:微孔孔容从0.1847mL/g提高到0.3299mL/g,总孔容从0.2186mL/g提高到0.5128mL/g。Taixi anthracite was activated by steam in the presence of two kinds of additives, nitrate and potassium-containing compounds. The starting coal was ground to pass a 200 mesh sieve and mixed with additives and binder. The mixture was then kneaded, extruded, carbonized and activated. An orthogonal design was employed to analyze the effect of the ratio of the two additives, heating rate in carbonization, activation temperature and activation time on the microspore volumes of the resulting activated carbons. The optimum condition was found at the ratio of two additives, nitrate and potassium-containing compound, being 2: 1, heating rate 5 degreesC/nim, activation temperature 920 degreesC and soak time of 3.5 h. The resulting activated carbons were tested using an Autosorb-1-MP with nitrogen at 77 K. Their BET surface areas, total pore volumes, micropore volumes, micropore surface areas and pore size distributions were analyzed by the BET method, D-R equation and Density Function Theory (DFT). Pore size distributions of the activated carbons produced with 6 w/% additives and without additives under the optimum conditions were analyzed by DFT. It is concluded that the use of 6 w/% additives can effectively increase micropore volumes and total pore volumes, with the former increased from 0.1847 mL/g to 0.3299 mL/g and the latter increased from 0.2186 mL/g to 0.5128 mL/g.

关 键 词：微孔活性炭 添加剂 无烟煤 微孔孔容 硝酸盐 含钾化合物 正交试验法 活化时间 活化温度 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]