河南陕西两地白冠长尾雉的集群行为  

Flocking Behavior of Reeves's Pheasants (Syrmaticus reevesii) at Two Sites in Henan and Shaanxi

作　　者：张晓辉[1] 徐基良[1] 张正旺[1] 郑光美[1] 阮祥锋 谢福录 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学生命科学学院 [2]董寨国家级自然保护区,河南涩港464236 [3]陕西佛坪县野生动物管护站,陕西佛坪723400

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2004年第2期89-95,共7页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目(2 0 0 0 0 4680 5 );国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 0 70 117;3 0 3 3 0 0 5 0 )

摘　　要：20 0 1年 4月至 2 0 0 3年 6月 ,在河南董寨国家级自然保护区和陕西佛坪县瓦寨子对白冠长尾雉 (Syr maticusreevesii)的集群行为进行了研究。对 17只遥测个体的跟踪结果和 32 8次集群活动的野外记录分析表明 ,白冠长尾雉雌雄两性的集群方式有极显著的差异 ( χ2 =18 177,df=3,P =0 0 0 0 )。雄鸟有很强的领域性 ,优势个体全年以单独活动或双雄共同活动的方式占据稳定的活动区 ,很少与其他雄性个体集群 ;雌鸟有很强的集群倾向 ,除繁殖季节因孵卵、育雏而离开群体单独活动外 ,通常以 4～ 6只的群体游荡于雄性个体的活动区之间 ,与该活动区的雄鸟形成不稳定的混合群 ,偶尔与其他群体形成暂时性的、更大的混合群。两性集群方式的差异可能与其各自经受的捕食压力和交配竞争强度 (雄 >雌 )From April 2001 to June 2003,the flocking behavior of Reeves's pheasants ( Syrmaticus reevesii ) was studied in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve,Henan Province,and Foping County,Shaanxi Province.We tracked 17 pheasants captured and radio collared,moreover,recorded 328 times of pheasants' activities in the field.The result shows that the male and female have different tendency in flocking (χ 2=18 177, df =3, P =0 000).The adult male occupies stable home range all over the year.It usually moves solely or with a specifically male fellow and with some fixed females who wander in its home range.The females usually build up a flock including 4-6 individuals.The flock moves about in different male's home ranges in non breeding season and the beginning of breeding season.The flock separates while the female begin to incubate.In the late 10 days of June,the failing female in breeding begins to rebuild the flock and wander again.In winter,especially after snow,different flocks can build up a bigger flock for a short time,which includes many males and females.The sexual difference of flock in the species may be related to the differences of predation pressure and mating competition (male>female).

关 键 词：河南 陕西 白冠长尾雉 集群行为 无线电遥测 两性集群方式 雄鸟 雌鸟 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]