科尔沁沙地69种植物种子重量比较研究  

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEED WEIGHT OF 69 PLANT SPECIES IN HORQIN SANDYLAND, CHINA

作　　者：刘志民[1] 李荣平[1] 李雪华[1] 骆永明[1] 王红梅[1] 蒋德明[1] 南寅镐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016

出　　处：《植物生态学报》2004年第2期225-230,共6页Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所知识创新工程重大项目"科尔沁沙地退化生态系统恢复技术与示范"(SCXZD0 10 2 );中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所知识创新工程面上创新课题"东北西部生态脆弱区生态环境评估和恢复对策研究"(SCXMS0 2 0 4)

摘　　要：研究了科尔沁沙地 6 9种植物的繁殖体 (30种为种子 ,39种为果实 )重量。结果表明 :1 )传播体为果实的植物可分为 4个组别 (即果实单粒重 <0 .1mg、0 .1～ 0 .9999mg、1～ 9.9999mg、1 0～ 99.9999mg) ;黄蒿 (Artemisiasco paria)果实 (0 .0 5 1 7mg)和小香蒲 (Typhaminima)果实 (0 .0 6 82mg)最轻 ,苍耳 (Xanthiumsibiricum)单个果实 (77.894 3mg)最重 ;2 )传播体为种子的植物可分为 3个组别 (即种子单粒重 0 .1～ 0 .9999mg、1～ 9.9999mg、1 0～ 99.9999mg) ;马齿苋 (Portulacaoleracea)种子 (0 .1 5 1 4mg)最轻 ,苦参 (Sophoraflavescens)种子 (4 6 .781 6mg)最重 ;3)黄蒿、马齿苋、轮叶沙参 (Adenophoratetraphylla)、碱地肤 (Kochiasieversiana)、狼尾花 (Lysimachiabarystachys)、灰绿藜 (Chenopodiumglaucum)、刺沙蓬 (Salsolaruthenica)、菟丝子 (Cuscutachinensis)、大籽蒿 (Artemisiasieversiana)、狗尾草 (Setariaviridis)、野古草 (Arundinellahirta)等植物所以广泛分布可能是因为它们繁殖体轻 (<1mg)且具有持久土壤种子库 ;4 )流沙上的先锋植物或沙生演替系列前期植物沙蓬 (Agriphyllumsquarrosum)、差巴嘎蒿 (Artemisiahalodendron)、乌丹蒿 (Artemisiawudanica)、狗尾草、雾冰藜Previous studies have shown that seed mass is related to dispersal distance, seed longevity, establishment success and fecundity. Many ecologists have employed seed weight as a trait to classify plant functional types; however, few studies of this kind have been conducted in China. Horqin Sandyland, located in the semiarid agropastoral zone of northern China, has undergone severe desertification during the past decades. Formation of active dunes, degradation of natural vegetation, and loss of biodiversity are the primary issues of environmental concern. At present, no comparative studies on the regenerative strategies of the constituent plant species have been conducted, and basic information necessary for vegetation restoration activities is lacking. We conducted a comparative study on the seed weight of 69 species in Horqin Sandyland to better understand regeneration strategies of these species for purposes of improving vegetation management and restoration. Seeds were collected at the Wulanaodu region (119°39′-120°02′ E, 42°29′-43°06′ N, 480 m a.s.l.). The climate there is semiarid with a mean annual precipitation of ca. 340 mm and a mean annual temperature of 6.3 ℃. At present, 90% of the total land has been desertified and 70% of the meadow has become saline and sodic. Psammophile_dominated vegetation is well developed. Plant diaspores are usually referred to as seeds, even though many of them are in fact fruits. We analyzed data on seeds and indehiscent, single_seeded fruit. The air_dried weight of 100 diaspores was measured for each plant. Most grasses caryopses were measured with the persistent lemmas and awns with which they are normally dispersed. The achenes of Compositae were measured with pappus and seeds and those of Cynanchum sibiricum, Metaplexis japonica and Apocynum venetum were also measured with hairs. Fruits of Xanthium sibiricum, Lappula myosotis and Bassia dasyphylla were measured with thorn and hook. The results showed that species could be divided i

关 键 词：科尔沁沙地 植物 种子重量 生态学 繁殖体 生活型 土壤种子库 

分 类 号：Q944[生物学—植物学]