沼肥与化肥在大白菜、花椰菜上的应用效果比较研究  

Comparative studi es on fertilizing effects of fen manure and fertilizer on chinese cabbage and cauliflower

作　　者：梁称福[1] 陈正法[1] 彭廷柏[1] 陈惠萍[1] 李文祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2004年第2期141-145,共5页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：湖南省农村能源办公室"十五"科技攻关资助项目

摘　　要：以大白菜、花椰菜为试材 ,研究了沼肥、化肥两种肥料在高量、中量、低量 3个施用水平下的施用效果。结果表明 ,从株高指标上看 ,大白菜施沼肥以低量为佳 ,花椰菜以高量为好 ;从开展度指标上看 ,大白菜、花椰菜施沼肥均以低量为好 ;从单球净重上看 ,两种蔬菜均以施沼肥中量利于提高单球净重 ;从提高净菜率来看 ,大白菜以沼肥中量处理为好 ,花椰菜以沼肥高量处理为佳 ;从两种蔬菜的产量来看 ,施沼肥处理均显著高于施化肥处理 ,其中沼肥高量与沼肥中量处理之间无显著差异 ,而它们与沼肥低量处理之间存在显著差异 ;大白菜中的总糖含量以沼肥低量处理为最高 ,而花椰菜则以沼肥中量处理最高 ;两种蔬菜中的Vc含量均以化肥高量处理为最高 ;从两种蔬菜收获时霜霉病的发病情况来看 ,均以沼肥中量处理发病最轻。施用沼肥利于改善土壤理化性状 ,利于大白菜、花椰菜对土壤中营养元素的吸收 ,从而致使土壤中营养元素的积累量减少。Under three fertilizing standards including high quantity, medium quantity and low quantity, fertilizing effects of fen manure and fertilizer on chinese cabbage and cauliflower were studied .The results showed that low quantity fen manure could make chinese cabbage more higher than any other treatments, but high quantity fen manure treatment, cauliflower plant more higher; low quantity fen manure could promote chinese cabbage and cauliflower's leaves unfold mostly; medium quantity fen manure could enhance net weights of individual ball or ball-flower of chinese cabbage and cauliflower; medium quantity fen manure can enhance net vegetable rate of chinese cabbage mostly, but high fen manure treatment for cauliflower; for two types of vegetables, yields of fertilizing fen manure were higher than fertilizing fertilizer apparently; low quantity fen manure can make total sugar content in chinese cabbage more bigger ,but medium quantity fen manure treatment for cauliflower; Vc contents in two types of vegetables by high quantity fen manure treatment were bigger than any other treatments; in terms of prevention and cure effects on frost mildew of two types of vegetables, medium quantity fen manure treatment was best; after fertilizing fen manure, physical and chemical characters of soil were improved and total nutrition elements contents which were absorbed by chinese cabbage and cauliflower were enhanced.

关 键 词：沼肥 蔬菜施肥 施用水平 施用效果 

分 类 号：S630.62[农业科学—蔬菜学]