不同尺度绿洲环流和边界层特征的数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation of Circulation and Boundary Layer Characteristics in Oases on Different Scales

作　　者：陈玉春[1] 吕世华[1] 高艳红[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《高原气象》2004年第2期177-183,共7页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40075022);国家自然科学基金重点项目(40233035);中国科学院方向性创新项目(KZCX3 SW 329);中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所创新项目(CX210036)共同资助

摘　　要：使用美国NCAR新版MM5V3.4非静力平衡模式,通过三重嵌套,模拟研究了西北地区不同尺度绿洲环流及边界层特征,发现不同绿洲系统地面能量和水分的输送是不同的,尺度较小的绿洲其地面潜热大,感热相对小。尺度在15km以上的绿洲可以形成绿洲—沙漠环流和绿洲的小气候,有较低的边界层,同时在绿洲边缘的沙漠形成湿气柱。尺度在几公里的绿洲不能形成绿洲—沙漠环流和绿洲边缘的湿气柱。尺度较大的绿洲形成的温度和湿度边界层结构和环流配合,使绿洲形成具有自我保护的绿洲小气候环境,有利于绿洲生态的发展。Using the US NCAR non-static equilibrium meso-scale model, new version MM5V3.4 with triple nested mesh and one way interaction technique, the circulation and boundary layer characteristics in oasis on different scales were investigated in this study. The results demonstrated that the transportations oasis and water vapor depended upon the sizes of the oasis system. The surface latent heat flux was large while sensible heat flux was small in oasis on small scale. The oasis-desert circulation and oasis microclimatic system could be established over the oasis on a scale larger than 15 km, the boundary layer height was low and a water vapour wall could be formed over those oases border; but not for the small oasis on the scales of several kilometers. The temperature and moisture boundary layer structures established over the large size oasis together with oasis-desert circulation drove the oasis to build a self-protecting microclimatic environment; this is useful for the development of the oasis ecological system.

关 键 词：中国西北地区 绿洲尺度 边界层特征 绿洲 沙漠环流 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P461.4[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]