重庆石碗溪小流域坡度和高程对土地利用及经济发展的影响  

Impact of Land Slope and Elevation on the Landuse Economy Development in Mountain Watersneld, Chongqing

作　　者：罗云云[1] 李瑞雪[1] 屈明[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《山地学报》2004年第2期254-258,共5页Mountain Research

基　　金：重庆市科委孵化基金项目(017079)"三峡库区荒溪治理优化模式及决策支持系统构建"~~

摘　　要：坡度和高程是土地资源固有的两个重要环境因子，与土地利用关系密切，尤其是在山区，坡度和高程基本上决定了土地利用的方向和方式，从而影响农业和经济的发展。石碗溪小流域面积20．73km^2，为丘陵低山区。按坡度和高程对土地利用的影响程度，把坡度和高程各分为3级，即：0°～15°、15°～25°、>25°和500m以下、500～800m、800m以上。从1：10000地形图上提取土地坡度和高程分级图，与土地利用现状图叠加，获取各坡度、高程级及其土地利用类型和数据。结果表明，土地面积随坡度、海拔级的增加而加大。耕地分布在各个高程级0～15°的缓坡上，800m以上地区面积最大，果园和森林大多分布在800m以上>25°的陡坡地上。通过分析比较小流域各个行政村2002年农业总收入及种植业、林业、牧业收入与坡度和高程的关系，可以看出坡度和高程对经济发展的影响。最后，根据坡度和高程状况，结合小流域社会经济条件，提出几点建议，以其为山区小流域土地可持续利用及经济持续发展提供科学依据。Sustainable use of land resource is critical to meliorate the ecological environment and accelerate the a-gricuiture and economy development in mountain watershed. Slope and elevation are two important factors of land resource,that have close relations to the land use. In the mountain area, the slope and elevation decide the ways of landuse and thus influence agriculture and economy development. Shiwanxi watershed area covers 20.73 km2 in which mountains are high and slopes steep. The slopes and elevation are separately devided into 3 grades according to the impact levels on landuse. Slope grades are : 0°~ 15°, 15° ~25°, >25°and elevation grades are : below 500 m , 500 ~ 800 m and above 800 m. We have made the grading' map of slope and elevation with 1:10 000 relief map, and obtained the areas of both land and landuse types of each grade by superposing the grading map of slope and elevation and the landuse map. The areas of land increase with the steep of slope and the rise of altitude. The fields and garden plot are mainly distributed on the slope of 0°~15°and 15°~25°below 800 m. The forests are mainly distributed on slopes of >25°over 800 m. On the basis of the quantitative analysis and comparison of annual output value of the agriculture of each countries in this area, it can be seen that there exist clear inverse proportions between the annual output and the nature slope and elevation. Viewing the economic and social characteristics of this small watershed, we put forward some suggestions following the principle of 'there are something to go on doing, something not to go on doing'. The results of this paper are expected to provide theoretical basis and scientific references not only for the local departments, but also for researches concerning this subject.

关 键 词：山区小流域 坡度 高程 土地利用 经济发展 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]