石菖蒲与马蹄莲幼苗结构的比较解剖学研究  

Study of comparative anatomy on structure of seedlings of Acorus tatarinowii and Zantedeschia aethiopica

作　　者：苏新华[1] 何桂梅[2] 孙克莲[3] 毕冬玲[3] 汪矛[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学生物学院,北京100094 [2]北京林业大学园林学院,北京100087 [3]中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室,北京100093

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2004年第3期504-509,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：教育部博士点基金项目 2 0 0 2 0 0 190 3 4 ;中国科学院植物研究所系统与进化植物学重点实验室资助项目

摘　　要：菖蒲属的分类和系统地位近两个世纪以来一直存在较大的争议 .以菖蒲属的石菖蒲及马蹄莲属的马蹄莲为代表进行幼苗的比较解剖学研究 ,从幼苗结构的视角为菖蒲属独特的分类及系统地位提供证据 .研究发现石菖蒲幼苗的子叶节区下部为较原始的 工 字形中始式的单中柱 ,而马蹄莲为散生中柱 ;石菖蒲根的维管柱为 2 - 8原型星状中柱 ,马蹄莲为 2 - 5原型星状中柱 .石菖蒲根的内皮层细胞壁为马蹄形五面加厚 ;而马蹄莲为凯氏带四面加厚 .石菖蒲细胞内的晶体为柱状晶 ,而马蹄莲为针晶 .此外在子叶吸器的结构和其它贮藏物等方面也存在差异 .据此认为菖蒲属应从天南星科中分出并单独成科 ;The controversy about the classification and systematic position of Acorus L.has lasted for about two century.The study of comparative anatomy on the structure of seedlings of Acorus tatarinowii and Zantedeschia aethiopica as presentation supplies the evidence of the particular systematic position of Acorus L.from an aspect of the anatomical structure of seedling.The type of stele in lower cotyledon node zone (CNZ). Acorus tatarinowii was more primitive '工' shape mesarch haplostele,while Zantedeschia aethiopica atactostele;the actinostele of root of the former was di to octoarch,but the latter only di to pentarch;The pattern of endothecial wall thickening in A.tatarinowii was characteristic of five face thickened and contained passage cell,while Z.aethiopica four faced thickened and known as casparian strip.Endocyte of the former is styloids,otherwise the latter was typical raphides.In addition,there occurred difference in the structure of cotyledonary haustrum and other storages.The results of this study supported removing Acorus from Araceae as a singular family and as the basal and relative isolation of the monocotyledon.

关 键 词：石菖蒲 马蹄莲 幼苗 结构 初生维管系统 

分 类 号：Q944.5[生物学—植物学]