六斑月瓢虫对菊小长管蚜的捕食作用  

Predation of Menochilus sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Homoptera: Aphididae)

作　　者：段金花[1] 张润杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生物防治国家重点实验室昆虫学研究所

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2004年第2期213-218,共6页Acta Entomologica Sinica

摘　　要：六斑月瓢虫对菊小长管蚜的捕食功能反应符合HollingⅡ型方程。功能反应受到温度、容器大小和捕食者密度的影响。在同一温度下 ,六斑月瓢虫的捕食量随着猎物密度的增加而增大 ,寻找效应随着猎物密度的增加而降低。在 15℃～ 2 5℃范围内 ,随着温度的升高 ,捕食的菊小长管蚜高龄若蚜头数增多 ,而在 2 5℃～ 35℃有相反的趋势 ,以 2 5℃下的捕食数量最大 ,平均达 95头 天 ,捕食上限达 392 1头。相同猎物密度条件下 ,温度与六斑月瓢虫捕食作用的关系可用二次曲线拟合 ,捕食的最适温度 (2 5℃左右 )与菊小长管蚜发生高峰季节的温度相吻合。六斑月瓢虫的捕食作用有较强的种内干扰反应 ,随着捕食者密度的增大 ,平均捕食量逐渐减少 ,捕食作用率也相应地降低 ,搜索常数Q为 0 90 0 3,干扰系数m为 0 9816 ,E =0 90 0 3P- 0 981 6 。实际应用时 ,要充分考虑气象因子、瓢蚜密度比等对防效的影响 。The functional response of the lady beetle, Menochilus sexmaculata (Fabricius) predating on the chrysanthemum aphid, Macrosiphoniella sanborni (Gillete) old nymphs fitted the model of HollingⅡ type well. However, the predation was affected by temperature, vessel space and prey density. In the same temperature treatment, the higher of prey density was, the larger of predation number was found and the lower of finding efficiency was observed. In the range of 15℃-25℃, the predation number increased with the increasing temperature. However, in the range of 25℃-35℃, the predation number decreased with the increasing temperature. At 25℃, predation number was the highest, which was 392.1 capita with an average number of 95 capita per day. The relationship between predation number and temperature was fitted by quadratic regression equation. Intraspecific interference was found in the experiment. The average predation number and predation rate of M. sexmaculata decreased with the increasing of its density. The relationship between predation ratio (E) and natural enemy density (P) was described by equation of E=0.9003P -0.9816. Searching constant (Q) is 0.9003, and disturbing coefficient (m) is 0.9816.

关 键 词：六斑月瓢虫 菊小长管蚜 捕食作用 功能反应 干扰反应 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]