车用催化转化器起燃温度的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of light-off temperature for automotive catalytic converter

作　　者：冯长根[1] 陶明涛[1] 王丽琼[1] 王务林[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸灾害预防,控制国家重点实验室,北京100081 [2]中国汽车技术研究中心,天津300162

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2004年第2期3-6,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

摘　　要：车用催化转化器是降低汽车排气污染物浓度的主要装置。起燃温度是催化转化器的重要特性之一 ,它表明催化器在多高的温度下有较高转化率。数值模拟研究催化转化器的性能可以减少实验量 ,指导和优化催化器的设计。建立了催化转化器一维稳态转化率的数学模型 ,对起燃温度特性曲线进行模拟。数值模拟结果与实验测量值较吻合。这说明 ,建立的数学模型可以用来模拟起燃温度特性曲线。用该模型考察了空速、载体长度、催化剂比表面积、载体导热系数以及壁厚等因素对起燃温度特性曲线的影响。结果表明 ,空速越大 ,催化转化器的起燃温度越高 ;增大载体长度和催化剂比表面积有利于降低起燃温度 ;载体导热系数和壁厚的大小对起燃温度几乎没有影响。The present paper aims at introducing a one-dimensional mathematical simulated model of conversion efficiency for automotive catalytic converter under the steady. The model is designated to simulate the performance curve of the light-off temperature. Since the simulation results and the experimental values measured are proved in proper conformity, the model established can be well applicable. As is known, automotive catalytic converter serves as the main device to decrease the concentration of pollution in automotive exhaust gas with the light-off temperature being one of the key characteristics of catalytic converter. Our experiments indicate at what temperature the converter can reach relatively high conversion efficiency. As the simulation research in this way can help to reduce the quantity of experiment, it is necessary to give some guide and promote the optimization of the converter design. And for this purpose, the author has also studied the effect of space velocity, monolith length, specific area of catalyst, and conduction coefficient and wall thickness of the monolith on the performance curve of the light-off temperature were investigated by use of the model. The result of the author's research shows that the higher the light-off temperature, the higher space velocity will be and that the increase of the monolith length and specific area of catalyst may be in favor of the decrease of light-off temperature. And, finally, the value of conduction coefficient and wall thickness of the monolith almost have no obvious effect on the light-off temperature.

关 键 词：催化反应工程 催化转化器 稳态 转化率 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TQ018[化学工程] TQ052