含离合器的齿轮传动系统的拍击动力学行为研究  

Study on the Dynamic Behavior of Rattling in Gear System with Clutch

作　　者：董海军[1] 沈允文[1] 刘梦军[1] 张锁怀[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学机电学院,陕西西安710072

出　　处：《西北工业大学学报》2004年第2期225-230,共6页Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (5 0 0 75 0 70 )

摘　　要：在考虑主动轴驱动转矩波动、齿轮副齿侧间隙及离合器间隙的情况下 ,建立了同时含有离合器间隙和齿侧间隙的齿轮传动系统 (简称双间隙系统 )拍击振动分析的集中质量模型。计算了不同激励频率下齿轮传动系统振动性态随着激励幅值的增大而变化的规律 ,并与仅含齿侧间隙的齿轮传动系统 (简称单间隙系统 )的情况作了比较。计算结果表明 :双间隙齿轮传动系统的临界激励幅值 (开始脱啮的激励幅值 )随激励频率变化的规律与单间隙系统的情况类似 ,即当激励频率较小时 ,随着激励频率的增大 ,临界激励幅值减小 ,并在频率为固有频率的 1 /2左右处有极小值。但在同一激励频率下 ,双间隙系统的临界激励幅值仅为单间隙系统情况下的 1 /2左右 ,说明双间隙系统更容易脱啮。齿轮副和离合器系统在工作过程中会出现 :1啮合 ;2时而啮合时而脱啮 ;3脱啮三种现象。由于离合器间隙与齿侧间隙的相互影响 ,随着激励幅值的增大 ,双间隙系统会产生 1和 2的交替出现 ,或者 2与 3的交替出现。而当离合器和齿轮副分别处于 2和 3现象或者 1与 2现象时 ,系统有可能出现多周期振动或拟周期振动。Considering the torque fluctuation of the driving shaft and the existence of the backlashes in both gear pair and clutch, a lumped mass gear-rattling model is established. On different frequencies with increasing exciting amplitude, the dynamic behavior is studied and compared to those of the gear transmission with backlash-free clutch. The results show that the critical exciting amplitude, the amplitude when the gear of the system disengagement begins, decreases with the increase of exciting frequency, and that the critical exciting amplitude reached a minimum on the frequency around half of the natural frequency of the gear transmission system with backlash-free clutch. In addition, the critical exciting amplitude of the gear drive is only one half of that of gear transmission system with backlash-free clutch. It also revealed that the gear drive is easier to disengage than the gear transmission system with backlash-free clutch. When the gear drive system is in operation, the following phenomena may come into existence both in gear pair and in clutch: (1) engaging, (2) alternating of engaging and disengaging repeatedly, and (3) disengaging. As a result of interaction between the gear backlash and the clutch backlash, the gear drive is sometimes in phenomenon (1) sometimes in (2), or sometimes in (2) sometimes in (3) with the increase of the exciting amplitude. On the exciting frequency that is less than the natural frequency, if the clutch and the gear pair are in (2) and in (3) respectively, or are in (1) and in (2) respectively, the vibration of gear system may be multi-periodic or quasi-periodic.

关 键 词：拍击振动 齿轮 间隙 混沌 激励 

分 类 号：TH113.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH132.41